Plastic container with strapped base

ABSTRACT

A container may have a base, a sidewall connected to the base, a bell connected to the sidewall, and a finish connected to the bell. The base may have strap ribs to resist deformation of the base. The sidewall may have recessed columns to resist bending, leaning, crumbling, and/or stretching. The strap ribs and recessed columns may vertically line up along a central axis of the container to communicate forces on the container vertically along the container to continuously resist deformation in the base and the sidewall.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.61/746,535, filed on Dec. 27, 2012, the entirety of which isincorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

1. Field

The present application generally relates to plastic containers,particularly to plastic containers designed to hold liquids whileresisting deformation.

2. Description of the Related Art

Plastic containers have been used as a replacement for glass or metalcontainers in the packaging of beverages for several decades. The mostcommon plastic used in making beverage containers today is polyethyleneterephthalate (PET). Containers made of PET are transparent,thin-walled, and have the ability to maintain their shape bywithstanding the force exerted on the walls of the container by theircontents. PET resins are also reasonably priced and easy to process. PETbottles are generally made by a process that includes the blow-moldingof plastic preforms which have been made by injection molding of the PETresin.

Advantages of plastic packaging include lighter weight and decreasedbreakage as compared to glass, and lower costs overall when taking bothproduction and transportation into account. Although plastic packagingis lighter in weight than glass, there is still great interest increating the lightest possible plastic packaging so as to maximize thecost savings in both transportation and manufacturing by making andusing containers that contain less plastic, while still exhibiting goodmechanical properties.

SUMMARY

The bottling industry is moving in the direction of removing auxiliarypackaging from cases or pallets. A case of bottles with film only and nopaperboard is called a “film only conversion” or “lightweighting” ofauxiliary packaging. The removal of supporting elements such aspaperboard places additional stress on a bottle, which increases thestructural demands on the bottle. In certain embodiments, a bottledesign can provide one or more of the benefits of reducing bending andpoint loading failures. The disclosed design embodiments can alleviatethe stresses during shipping and handling (including film onlypackaging) while maintaining ease of blow molding. In certainembodiments, a bottle design uses less resin for the same or similarmechanical performance, resulting in a lightweight product.

Embodiments of the bottle disclosed herein may use polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), which has viscoelastic properties of creep andrelaxation. As a plastic, PET and other resins tend to relax attemperatures normally seen during use. This relaxation is a timedependent stress relieving response to strain. Bending can provideexaggerated strains over what would be seen in tensile loading. Due toexaggerated strains, the relaxation in bending can be much more severe.Bending happens at multiple length scales. Bending can happen at thelength scale of the bottle or on a small length scale. An example of thebottle length scale bending is a person bending the bottle in his/herhands, or bending experienced during packing in a case on a pallet. Anexample of the small scale is the flexing or folding of ribs or othersmall features on the wall of the bottle. In response to loads at thefirst, larger length scale, ribs flex at the local, smaller lengthscale. When they are held in this position with time, the ribs willpermanently deform through relaxation.

Further, embodiments of the bottles disclosed herein may undergopressurization. Pressure inside a bottle can be due to the bottlecontaining a carbonated beverage. Pressure inside a bottle can be due topressurization procedures or processes performed during bottling andpackaging. For example, a bottle can be pressurized to help the bottleretain its shape. As another example, the bottle can be pressurized withcertain gases to help preserve a beverage contained in the bottle.

Embodiments of the bottles disclosed herein have varying depth ribs thatachieve a balance of strength and rigidity to resist the bendingdescribed above while maintaining hoop strength, such as, for example,when pressure is not used or relieved. A collection of flattened and/orshallow depth ribs act as recessed columns in the body of the bottlethat distribute bending and top load forces along the wall to resistleaning, stretching, and crumbling. The collection of flattened and/orshallow depth ribs can help the bottle retain its shape duringpressurization, such as, for example, help inhibit stretching of thebottle when pressurized. Inhibiting stretching of the bottle helpsretain desired bottle shape to aid in packaging of the bottles asdiscussed herein by, for example, maintaining a substantially constantheight of the bottle. Inhibiting stretching of the bottle can help withapplying a label to a label portion of the bottle. For example, with alabel applied to a bottle, inhibiting stretching of the bottle helpsretain a constant length or height of the bottle at the label panelportion, which can help prevent tearing of the label and/or prevent thelabel from at least partially separating from the bottle (i.e., failureof the adhesive between the bottle and the label). Further details onthe features and functions of varying depth ribs are disclosed in U.S.patent application Ser. No. 13/705,040, entitled “Plastic Container withVarying Depth Ribs,” filed on Dec. 4, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,556,098,entitled “Plastic Container Having Sidewall Ribs with Varying Depth,”which claims benefit to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.61/567,086, entitled “Plastic Container with Varying Depth Ribs,” filedon Dec. 5, 2011, the entirety of each of which is incorporated herein byreference.

A balance may be achieved between flattened and/or shallow ribs and deepribs to attain a desired resistance to bending, leaning, and/orstretching while maintaining stiffness in a lightweight bottle. In someembodiments, at least some of the aforementioned desired qualities maybe further achieved through a steeper bell portion of a bottle. Asteeper bell portion can increase top load performance in a lightweightbell. A lightweight bottle body and bell leaves more resin for a thickerbase of the bottle, which can increase stability. A thicker base maybetter resist bending and top load forces and benefits designs with alarger base diameter with respect to the bottle diameter for toleranceeven when the base is damaged during packaging, shipping, and/orhandling.

Embodiments disclosed herein have a base rib that can function as astrap from a base to a sidewall of the bottle to the help furtherachieve resistance to bending, leaning, stretching and/or flexing whilemaintaining stiffness. A strap rib on a base helps the base resistdeformation under pressure without necessitating the base being overlyheavy in weight relative to the lightweight bottle (i.e., relative towall thickness of flat foot base that does not resist pressure as well).The strap base rib can be incorporated into a flat foot base. A flatfoot base helps retain base foot thickness. Retaining base footthickness helps retain bottle integrity during packaging and handlingusing lightweight packaging, such as, for example, film only packagingthat requires the base to directly resist forces, including bending andpoint loading, during packaging, shipping, and/or handling. A flat footbase performs well with or without internal pressure due to, forexample, the ability to maintain relative foot thickness in the base ina lightweight bottle. Without strap ribs, the base may have littleinternal pressure resistance and may rollout (pop out and create arocker bottom). The strapped base rib helps resist damage anddeformation as discussed herein without requiring a relatively heavyfooted base. Without requiring a relatively heavy footed base, lessmaterial is needed for the lightweight bottle. Further, the strappedbase design may allow for a relatively easier blowing process than otherknown pressure bases. Thus, a base with a strap rib as disclosed hereinprovides for a material efficient, pressure optional bottle base.

Incorporating a strap base rib into the base with column formations inthe sidewall of the bottle as discussed herein offers pressureresistance for internally pressurized bottles while maintaining strengthand performance (i.e., resistance to bending and leaning) when withoutinternal pressure (i.e., pressure release by a user opening a closure ofa bottle). The strap base rib can act with the column formation on thesidewall of the bottle to form straps around the bottle to communicatestresses along the height of the bottle.

The base with a strap base rib helps maintain strength and performanceof the column formations for internally pressurized bottles. With astrap base rib, the resistance to bending, leaning, and/or stretchingwhile maintaining stiffness and hoop strength is maintained withoutpressure while enhancing these characteristics when the bottle ispressurized. For example, a strap base rib allows the utilization of aflat foot base for better base strength during processing at a plant(i.e., adding beverage contents), while preventing rollout or poppingout of the base during pressurization. Rollout of the base bottle leadsto what may be called a “rocker bottom.” Preventing rollout of the basehelps the bottle stay level when resting on a surface and maintains theflat feet as the contact points on the surface. Further, base rolloutcan also occur without pressurization or low pressurization of thebottle, such as, for example, during shipping and handling or filling athigh speed. A strap base rib also helps prevent base rollout without orlow internal pressurization. While the specification herein may discusspreventing or inhibiting deformation under external/internal pressuresand/or forces, it is to be understood that some deformation of a bottlemay occur without straying outside of the scope of this disclosure. Somedeformation of the bottle under external/internal pressures and/orforces may occur while retaining excellent structural properties of thefeatures and functions disclosed herein.

Embodiments disclosed herein can be utilized for bottle pressures of awide range. The strap base rib can help resist pressurization pressuresin the bottle of up to 3 bars, including up to 2.5, up to 2, up to 1.5,up to 1, up to 0.5 bars, and up to 0.3 bars, including ranges borderedand including the foregoing values. The preform design also plays a rolein resisting pressures such that much higher pressures than alreadydemonstrated can be resisted with greater strap thickness available fromthe preform. The strap design provides a more efficient way of resistingthe pressure in a bottle that also performs well without pressure.

Embodiments disclosed herein can be utilized in bottle volumes of a widerange. For example, features and functions disclosed herein can beutilized with a 3 ounce bottle up to a multiple gallon bottle. Asanother example, features and functions disclosed herein can be utilizedwith an 8 ounce (0.24 liter/0.15 liter) bottle up to a 3 liter bottle,including 12 ounces (0.35 liters) to 2 liters, 16 (0.47 liters) ouncesto 1 liter, 18 ounces (0.53 liters) to 0.75 liters, and 0.5 liters,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values.

In some embodiments, a container comprising a flat foot base havingstrap ribs and a sidewall having recessed columns, the strap ribs andrecessed columns vertically lined up to resist deformation in the baseand the sidewall, the container can can comprise one or more of thefollowing: a flat foot base comprising a gate, a wall, and flat feet,the gate centered on a central axis of the container, the wall extendingfrom the gate toward a resting surface of the container, the flat feetextending from the wall to the resting surface; a sidewall connected tothe base, the sidewall extending substantially along the central axis todefine at least part of an interior of the container; a bell connectedto the sidewall and leading upward and radially inward to a finishconnected to the bell; a plurality of strap ribs positioned in the basebetween the flat feet, the strap ribs extending radially outward from atleast one of the gate or the wall toward the sidewall, the strap ribssloping upward relative to the resting surface toward the sidewall fromthe at least one of the gate or the wall to resist deformation of thebase; a plurality of recessed columns positioned in the sidewall, therecessed columns comprising sidewall ribs extending along a periphery ofthe sidewall and centered about the central axis, wherein portions ofthe sidewall between the sidewall ribs are substantially continuousalong the periphery of the sidewall, the recessed columns configured toresist at least one of bending, leaning, crumbling, or stretching alongthe sidewall; and/or wherein the strap ribs and the recessed columnsvertically line up along the central axis to form pressure resistancebands such that each pressure resistance band comprises a strap ribvertically lined up along the central axis with a recessed column, thepressure resistance bands configured to communicate forces on thecontainer vertically along the container between the base and thesidewall to continuously resist deformation in the base and thesidewall.

In some embodiments, the strap ribs extend radially outward from thewall of the base; the strap ribs extend radially outward from the gateof the base; the wall of the base comprises a dome extending from thegate toward the resting surface of the container without contacting theresting surface, the dome surrounding the gate about the central axis;at least one of the strap ribs extends radially outward from the dome ofthe base; the base further comprises a plurality of load ribs positionedbetween the strap ribs, the load ribs having a depth toward the interiorof the container shallower than a depth of the strap ribs, the load ribsconfigured to resist deformation of the base when external forces areapplied to the container; the sidewall comprises a base rib positionedalong the periphery of the sidewall at a point of contact for thecontainer with other containers when the container and the othercontainers are packaged together with central axes of the containersbeing vertical, the base rib centered about the central axis of thecontainer; the sidewall comprises a base rib positioned along theperiphery of the sidewall at a point of contact for the container withother containers when the container and the other containers arepackaged together with central axes of the containers being vertical,the base rib centered about the central axis of the container; the strapribs extend through the base rib substantially up to the recessedcolumns such that the pressure resistance band is continuous through thebase rip, the strap ribs forming discontinuities in the base rib; thesidewall ribs comprise a plurality of varying depth ribs positionedalong the periphery of the sidewall, wherein each varying depth ribcomprises shallow sections and deep sections, the shallow sectionshaving a rib depth less than a rib depth of the deep sections, whereinthe shallow sections of the plurality of varying depth ribs verticallyline up along the central axis to form the recessed columns; the shallowsections have a rib depth of substantially zero from the periphery ofthe sidewall; the sidewall is substantially round about the periphery ofthe sidewall, and wherein the plurality of recessed columns comprisesthree recessed columns positioned in the sidewall equidistantly aroundthe periphery of the round sidewall; the sidewall comprises a gripportion and a label portion, and wherein the three recessed columns arepositioned in the grip portion, and the plurality of recessed columnsfurther comprises six recessed columns positioned in the label portionequidistantly around the periphery of the round sidewall, the six recesscolumns in the label portion configured to inhibit triangulation of thecontainer, wherein three of the six recess columns in the label portionand the three recessed columns in the grip portion vertically line alongthe central axis; the plurality of strap ribs comprises three strap ribspositioned in the base equidistantly from each other, and wherein thethree strap ribs and the three recessed columns vertically line up alongthe central axis; the plurality of strap ribs comprises six strap ribspositioned in the base equidistantly from each other, three of the sixstrap ribs and the three recessed columns vertically lined up along thecentral axis, and wherein the six strap ribs are configured to inhibittriangulation of the container; the sidewall is substantially squareabout the periphery of the sidewall, and wherein the plurality ofrecessed columns comprises four recessed columns positioned in thesidewall equidistantly around the periphery of the square sidewall suchthat each pressure resistance band further comprises an other strap ribradially extending 180 degrees opposite the strap rib, the other straprib vertically lined up along the central axis with an other recessedcolumn; the square sidewall comprises corners and flat portions betweenthe corners, and wherein the strap ribs extend toward the flat portionsof the square sidewall, the strap ribs configured to resist rounding ofthe square sidewall at the flat portions; and/or the sidewall ribscomprise a plurality of varying depth ribs positioned along theperiphery of the sidewall, wherein each varying depth rib comprisesshallow sections and deep sections, the shallow sections having a ribdepth less than a rib depth of the deep sections, wherein the shallowsections of the plurality of varying depth ribs vertically line up alongthe central axis to form the recessed columns, and wherein the deepsections are positioned at the four corners of the square sidewall, thedeep sections configured to resist rounding of the square sidewall atthe flat portions.

In some embodiments, a container comprising a flat foot base havingstrap ribs and a sidewall having recessed columns, the strap ribs andrecessed columns vertically lined up to resist deformation in the baseand the sidewall, the container can comprise one or more of thefollowing: a flat foot base comprising a gate, a dome, and flat feet,the gate centered on a central axis of the container, the dome extendingfrom the gate toward a resting surface of the container withoutcontacting the resting surface, the dome surrounding the gate about thecentral axis, the flat feet extending from the dome to the restingsurface; a sidewall connected to the base, the sidewall extendingsubstantially along the central axis to define at least part of aninterior of the container; a bell connected to the sidewall and leadingupward and radially inward to a finish connected to the bell; aplurality of strap ribs positioned in the base between the flat feet,the strap ribs extending radially outward from at least one of the gateor the dome toward the sidewall, the strap rib sloping upward relativeto the resting surface toward the sidewall from the at least one of thegate or the dome to resist deformation of the base; a plurality ofrecessed columns positioned in the sidewall, the recessed columnscomprising sidewall ribs extending along a periphery of the sidewall andcentered about the central axis, wherein portions of the sidewallbetween the sidewall ribs are substantially continuous along theperiphery of the sidewall, the recessed columns configured to resist atleast one of bending, leaning, crumbling, or stretching along thesidewall; and/or wherein the strap ribs and the recessed columnsvertically line up along the central axis to form pressure resistancebands such that each pressure resistance band comprises a strap ribvertically lined up along the central axis with a recessed column, thepressure resistance bands configured to communicate forces on thecontainer vertically along the container between the base and thesidewall to continuously resist deformation in the base and thesidewall.

In some embodiments, the strap ribs extend radially outward from thegate of the base; the strap ribs extend radially outward from the domeof the base; the base further comprises a plurality of load ribspositioned between the strap ribs, the load ribs having a depth towardthe interior of the container shallower than a depth of the strap ribs,the load ribs configured to resist deformation of the base when externalforces are applied to the container; the load ribs extend radiallyoutward from at least one of the gate or the dome; the sidewallcomprises a base rib positioned along the periphery of the sidewall at apoint of contact for the container with other containers when thecontainer and the other containers are packaged together with centralaxes of the containers being vertical, the base rib centered about thecentral axis, wherein the strap ribs extend substantially up to the baserib in the sidewall, and the base rib continuously extends along theperiphery of the sidewall to resist deformation of the container at thepoint of contact; the sidewall ribs comprise a plurality of varyingdepth ribs positioned along the periphery of the sidewall, wherein eachvarying depth rib comprises shallow sections and deep sections, theshallow sections having a rib depth less than a rib depth of the deepsections, wherein the shallow sections of the plurality of varying depthribs vertically line up along the central axis to form the recessedcolumns; the shallow sections have a rib depth of substantially zerofrom the periphery of the sidewall; the sidewall is substantially roundabout the periphery of the sidewall, and wherein the plurality ofrecessed columns comprises three recessed columns positioned in thesidewall equidistantly around the periphery of the round sidewall; theplurality of strap ribs comprises three strap ribs positioned in thebase equidistantly from each other, and wherein the three strap ribs andthe three recessed columns vertically line up along the central axis;the plurality of strap ribs comprises six strap ribs positioned in thebase equidistantly from each other, three of the six strap ribsvertically lined up along the central axis with the three recessedcolumns such that each pressure resistance band further comprises another strap rib radially extending 180 degrees opposite the strap rib,and wherein the six strap ribs are configured to inhibit triangulationof the container; the sidewall is substantially square about theperiphery of the sidewall, and wherein the plurality of recessed columnscomprises four recessed columns positioned in the sidewall equidistantlyaround the periphery of the square sidewall such that each pressureresistance band further comprises an other strap rib radially extending180 degrees opposite the strap rib, the other strap rib vertically linedup along the central axis with an other recessed column; the squaresidewall comprises corners and flat portions between the corners, andwherein the strap ribs extend toward the flat portions of the squaresidewall, the strap ribs configured to resist rounding of the squaresidewall at the flat portions; and/or the sidewall ribs comprise aplurality of varying depth ribs positioned along the periphery of thesidewall, wherein each varying depth rib comprises shallow sections anddeep sections, the shallow sections having a rib depth less than a ribdepth of the deep sections, wherein the shallow sections of theplurality of varying depth ribs vertically line up along the centralaxis to form the recessed columns, and wherein the deep sections arepositioned at the four corners of the square sidewall, the deep sectionsconfigured to resist rounding of the square sidewall at the flatportions.

In some embodiments, a container comprises a base. The container canfurther comprise a grip portion connected to the base through a constantdepth base rib and defining a grip portion perimeter that issubstantially perpendicular to a central axis. The container can furthercomprise a label panel portion connected to the grip portion anddefining a label portion perimeter that is substantially perpendicularto the central axis. The container can further comprise a bell with anobtuse angle as measured from the central axis to a wall of the bell ofat least 120 degrees, the bell connected to the label panel portionthrough a shoulder and leading upward and radially inward to a finishconnected to the bell, the finish adapted to receive a closure. Thecontainer can further comprise a plurality of angulating and varyingdepth ribs positioned substantially along the perimeter of the gripportion wherein each angulating and varying depth rib comprises aplurality of shallow sections, a plurality of middle sections, and aplurality of deep sections. The container can further comprise aplurality of constant depth ribs positioned substantially along theperimeter of the label portion. The shallow sections can have a ribdepth less than a rib depth of the middle sections. The deep sectionscan have a rib depth greater than the rib depth of the middle sections.The shallow sections of the varying depth ribs can substantiallyvertically line up along the central axis and form recessed columns. Therecessed columns can be configured to resist at least one of bending,leaning, or crumbling, or stretching. The plurality of deep sections canbe configured to provide hoop strength.

In some embodiments, a container comprises a base. The container canfurther comprise a grip portion connected to the base through a constantdepth base rib and defining a grip portion perimeter that issubstantially perpendicular to a central axis. The container can furthercomprise a label panel portion connected to the grip portion anddefining a label portion perimeter that is substantially perpendicularto the central axis. The container can further comprise a bell with anobtuse angle as measured from the central axis to a wall of the bell ofat least 120 degrees, the bell connected to the label panel portionthrough a shoulder and leading upward and radially inward to a finishconnected to the bell, the finish adapted to receive a closure. Thecontainer can further comprise a plurality of angulating and varyingdepth ribs positioned substantially along the perimeter of the gripportion wherein each angulating and varying depth rib comprises aplurality of shallow sections, a plurality of middle sections, and aplurality of deep sections. The container can further comprise aplurality of varying depth ribs positioned substantially along theperimeter of the label portion wherein each varying depth rib comprisesa plurality of shallow sections, a plurality of middle sections, and aplurality of deep sections. The shallow sections of the angulating andvarying depth ribs can have a rib depth less than a rib depth of themiddle sections of the angulating and varying depth ribs. The deepsections of the angulating and varying depth ribs can have a rib depthgreater than the rib depth of the middle sections of the angulating andvarying depth ribs. The shallow sections of the varying depth ribs canhave a rib depth less than a rib depth of the middle sections of thevarying depth ribs. The deep sections of the varying depth ribs can havea rib depth greater than the rib depth of the middle sections of thevarying depth ribs. The shallow sections of the angulating and varyingdepth ribs can substantially vertically line up along the central axisand form a first plurality of recessed columns. The shallow sections ofthe varying depth ribs can substantially vertically line up along thecentral axis and form a second plurality of recessed columns. The firstand second plurality of recessed columns can be configured to resist atleast one of bending, leaning, crumbling, or stretching. The pluralityof deep sections can be configured to provide hoop strength.

In some embodiments, the first plurality of recessed columnssubstantially vertically line up along the central axis with the secondplurality of recessed columns. In some embodiments, the varying depthribs of the label portion angulate.

In some embodiments, a container comprises a base. The container canfurther comprise a sidewall connected to the base, the sidewall defininga sidewall perimeter that is substantially perpendicular to a centralaxis and extending substantially along the central axis to define atleast part of an interior of the container. The container can furthercomprise a bell connected to the sidewall and leading upward andradially inward to a finish connected to the bell, the finish adapted toreceive a closure. The container can further comprise a varying depthrib positioned substantially along the sidewall perimeter wherein thevarying depth rib comprises a shallow section, a middle section, and adeep section. The shallow section can have a rib depth less than a ribdepth the middle section. The deep section can have a rib depth greaterthan the rib depth of the middle section. The shallow section of the ribcan be configured to resist at least one of bending, leaning, orcrumbling, or stretching. The deep section can be configured to providehoop strength.

In some embodiments, the varying depth rib transitions from the shallowsection to the middle section to the deep section as at least one of agradual transition or an abrupt transition. In some embodiments, thevarying depth rib has a shape of at least one of trapezoidal,triangular, rounded, squared, oval, or hemispherical. In someembodiments, the varying depth rib angulates around the sidewallperimeter. In some embodiments, the varying depth rib has a plurality ofshallow sections, a plurality of middle sections, and a plurality ofdeep sections. In some embodiments, the contain further comprises aplurality of varying depth ribs wherein at least two shallow sectionssubstantially vertically line up along the central axis and form arecessed column whereby the recessed column is configured to resist atleast one of bending, leaning, or crumbling, or stretching. In someembodiments, the plurality varying depth ribs have a plurality ofshallow sections, a plurality of middle sections, and a plurality ofdeep sections. In some embodiments, the container further comprises arib of a constant depth. In some embodiments, the bell has an obtuseangle as measured from the central axis to a wall of the bell of atleast 120 degrees.

The foregoing is a summary and thus contains, by necessity,simplifications, generalization, and omissions of detail; consequently,those skilled in the art will appreciate that the summary isillustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. Otheraspects, features, and advantages of the devices and/or processes and/orother subject matter discussed herein will become apparent in theteachings set forth herein. The summary is provided to introduce aselection of concepts in a simplified form that are further describedbelow in the Detailed Description. This summary is not intended toidentify key features or essential features of any subject matterdiscussed herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing and other features of the present disclosure will becomemore fully apparent from the following description, taken in conjunctionwith the accompanying drawings. Understanding that these drawings depictonly some embodiments in accordance with the disclosure and are,therefore, not to be considered limiting of its scope, the disclosurewill be described with additional specificity and detail through use ofthe accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of a bottle.

FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 rotated60 degrees.

FIG. 3 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of a base having sixstrap ribs.

FIG. 4 illustrates a top perspective view of an embodiment of a straprib.

FIG. 5 illustrates a side view of another embodiment of a bottle.

FIG. 6 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of a bottle with sixrecessed columns in a label portion.

FIG. 7 illustrates a top perspective view of another embodiment of astrap rib.

FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate bottom perspective views of embodiments ofbottles with columns in the sidewalls.

FIG. 9 illustrates a bottom perspective view of an embodiment of a base.

FIG. 10 illustrates a bottom perspective view of another embodiment of abase.

FIG. 11 illustrates a bottom perspective view of another embodiment of abase.

FIG. 12 illustrates a bottom view of an embodiment of a base.

FIG. 13 illustrates a bottom view of another embodiment of a base.

FIG. 14 illustrates a bottom view of another embodiment of a base.

FIG. 15 illustrates a bottom view of another embodiment of a base.

FIG. 16A illustrates a cross-section along a central axis of anembodiment of a bottle.

FIG. 16B illustrates an embodiment showing a cross-section of a bottle.

FIG. 16C illustrates an embodiment showing a cross-section of a bottle.

FIG. 17 illustrates a cross-section along the central axis of anotherembodiment of a bottle.

FIG. 18 illustrates a cross-section along the central axis of anembodiment of a base.

FIG. 19 illustrates a cross-section along the central axis of anotherembodiment of a base.

FIG. 20 illustrates overlaid cross-sections along the central axis ofembodiments of bases.

FIG. 21 illustrates a top perspective view of an embodiment of a bottle.

FIG. 22 illustrates a side view of another embodiment of a bottle.

FIG. 23 illustrates a bottom perspective view of another embodiment of abase.

FIG. 24 illustrates a bottom view of another embodiment of a base.

FIG. 25 illustrates a cross-section along the central axis of anotherembodiment of a bottle.

FIG. 26 is a table and graph showing an increase in top load resistanceof bottles.

FIG. 27 illustrates an embodiment showing angles of a bell.

FIG. 28 illustrates a preform of a bottle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description, reference is made to theaccompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings,similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless contextdictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in thedetailed description and drawings are not meant to be limiting. Otherembodiments may be utilized, and other changes may be made, withoutdeparting from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented here.It will be readily understood that the aspects of the presentdisclosure, as generally discussed herein, and illustrated in theFigures, may be arranged, substituted, combined, and designed in a widevariety of different configurations, all of which are explicitlycontemplated and made part of this disclosure.

In particular, disclosed herein are articles, including preforms andcontainers, which utilize less plastic in their construction whilemaintaining or surpassing the ease of processing and excellentstructural properties associated with current commercial designs.

FIG. 1 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of the bottle 1. Thebottle 1 has a base 24 a that extends up into a base rib 22. Connectedto the base 24 a, the grip portion 8 comprises a plurality of gripportion ribs 3 a (i.e., sidewall ribs). As illustrated in FIG. 1, gripportion ribs 3 a (positioned in the grip portion 8) may vary in depth byseparating or transitioning the rib from a deep rib 2 a to a flattenedand/or shallow rib 6 a to be discussed in further detail below. In theillustrated embodiment, the grip portion ribs 3 a swirl or angulatearound the grip portion 8.

Referring to FIG. 1, a label portion 10 is connected to the grip portion8 and comprises one or more label panel ribs 20 a (i.e., sidewall ribs).The label panel portion 10 transitions into a shoulder 18, whichconnects to a bell 16. The bell 16 may include scallops (including asillustrated) or other design features or it may be smooth and generallyunornamented. The bell 16 connects to a neck 14, which connects to afinish 12. From the label portion 10, the bell 16 leads upward andradially inward, relative to a central axis 25, to the neck 14 andfinish 12. The finish 12 can be adapted to receive a closure to sealcontents in the bottle 1. The finish 12 defines an opening 11 that leadsto an interior of the bottle 1 for containing a beverage and/or othercontents. The interior can be defined as at least one of the finish 12,the neck 14, the bell 16, the shoulder 18, the label portion 10, thegrip portion 8, or the base 24 a.

A substantially vertical wall comprising the grip portion 8 and labelportion 10 between the base 24 a and bell 16, extending substantiallyalong the central axis 25 to define at least part of the interior of thebottle 1, can be considered a sidewall of the bottle 1. In someembodiments, the sidewall may include the bell 16, shoulder 18, and/orbase 24 a. The perimeter (i.e., periphery) of the sidewall issubstantially perpendicular to the central axis 25 of the interior. Thesidewall defines at least part of the interior of the bottle 1. Thefinish 12, the neck 14, the bell 16, the shoulder 18, the label portion10, the grip portion 8, and the base 24 a can each define a respectiveperimeter or circumference (i.e., periphery) (substantiallyperpendicular to the central axis 25) corresponding to that portion. Forexample, the label portion 10 has a label portion perimeter. As anotherexample, the grip portion 8 has a grip portion perimeter.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, each of the grip portion ribs 3a comprises a deep rib 2 a section transitioning to a middle section 4 athen to a flattened and/or shallow rib 6 a sections. As FIG. 1illustrates, each of the label panel ribs 20 a may comprise a deep rib 2b section transitioning to a middle section 4 b then to a flattenedand/or shallow rib 6 b sections. The deep, middle, and shallow ribsections may also be called deep, middle, and shallow ribs as shorthand,but it is to be understood that these terms are meant to define sectionsof a rib in the grip portion 8, label portion 10, and base rib 22. Avarying depth grip portion rib 3 a transitions from a deep rib 2 asection to a middle rib/section 4 a then to a flattened and/or shallowrib 6 a section. A varying depth label panel rib 20 a transitions from adeep rib 2 b to a middle rib/section 4 b then to a flattened and/orshallow rib 6 b. The one or more flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 a,bform an equivalent of recessed columns 7 a at portions where a pluralityflattened and/or shallow ribs 6 a,b substantially vertically line upalong the vertical or central axis 25 of the bottle 1 as illustrated inFIG. 1. A plurality of deep ribs 2 a,b substantially vertically line upalong the vertical or central axis 25 of the bottle 1 as illustrated inFIG. 1.

In some embodiments, the flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 b of the labelpanel ribs 20 a are vertically misaligned with the flattened and/orshallow ribs 6 a of the grip portion ribs 3 a such that the labelportion 10 has a set of recessed columns and the grip portion 8 hasanother set of recessed columns. Thus, the recessed column of the labelportion 10 can be vertically misaligned from the recessed columns of thegrip portion 8. In some embodiments, the bottle 1 can have recessedcolumns in just the grip portion 8 or just the label panel portion 10.

In the illustrated embodiments with three lined-up flattened and/orshallow ribs 6 a,b, the bottle respectively has three recessed columns 7a. The three recessed columns 7 a may be equally spaced apart around thecircumference of the bottle 1 and located on the opposite side of thebottle circumference from the deep rib 2 a,b portions. With threeequally spaced recessed columns 7 a, the recessed columns 7 a are spacedevery 120 degrees around the bottle 1 circumference. Any number ofrecessed columns 7 a may be incorporated into a design of the bottle 1by increasing or decreasing the number of flattened and/or shallow ribs6 a,b that substantially vertically line up along the vertical orcentral axis 25. For instance, the bottle may have as few as 1 or up to10 recessed columns 7 a, including 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 recessedcolumns 7 a, including ranges bordered and including the foregoingvalues. The collections of flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 a,b that formrecessed columns 7 a provide resistance to leaning, load crushing,and/or stretching. Leaning can occur when during and/or after bottlepackaging, a bottle experiences top load forces (tangential forces orotherwise) from other bottles and/or other objects stacked on top of thebottle. Similarly, top load crushing can occur due to verticalcompression (or otherwise) forces from bottles and/or other objectsstacked on top. Stretching can occur when a bottle is pressurized. Therecessed columns 7 a transfer the resulting forces along the wall to thebase 24 a and increase bottle 1 rigidity. Deep ribs 2 a,b of the gripportion ribs 3 a and label panel ribs 20 a provide the hoop strengththat can be equivalent to the hoop strength of normal or non-varyingdepth ribs. The number of ribs, including base ribs 22, grip portionribs 3 a, and/or label panel ribs 20 a may vary from 1 to 30 ribs every10 centimeters of any rib containing portion of the bottle, such as, butnot limited to the grip portion 8 and/or label panel portion 10,including 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18,19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, or 29 ribs every 10 centimeters,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values. Theaforementioned 10 centimeter section that is used to measure the numberof ribs need not be actually 10 centimeters in length. Rather, 10centimeters is used illustratively to provide a ratio for the number ofribs.

While discussed above in reference to FIG. 1, as will be apparent,recessed column features, functions, and variations thereof may beapplied to any of the embodiments discussed in reference to FIGS. 2-28.For a further discussion of the recessed columns, refer to U.S. Pat. No.8,556,098, entitled “Plastic Container Having Sidewall Ribs with VaryingDepth,” the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.

With continued reference to FIG. 1, the base 24 a has a strap rib 40 a.The strap rib 40 a has a sidewall end 42 a that terminates along thesidewall of the bottle 1 as discussed herein. The base has 24 a has aload rib 44 a. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the base 24 a can have two loadribs 44 a between two strap ribs 40 a. In some embodiments, the base 24a can have 1, 3, 4, and 5 load ribs 44 a between two strap ribs 40 a.The load rib 44 a has a sidewall end 43 a that terminates along the base24 a near or at a transition from the base 24 a to the sidewall of thebottle 1. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the sidewall end 43 a of the loadrib 44 a may be vertically lower than the sidewall end 42 a of the straprib 40 a along the central axis 25. In some embodiments, the sidewallend 43 a of the load rib 44 a may terminate along the sidewall of thebottle 1 at a same height as to the sidewall 1 end 42 a of the strap rib40 a. The base 24 a has feet 45 a formed between the strap ribs 40 a andthe load ribs 44 a.

The strap rib 40 a is relatively larger and deeper than the load rib 44a as discussed herein. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the strap base rib 40 amay vertically align with the recessed columns 7 a. Where a bottle 1 hasthree recessed columns 7 a, the base 24 a can have three strap ribs 40a. The strap ribs 40 a are spaced equally around the circumference ofthe bottle 1. With three equally spaced strap ribs 40 a, the strap ribs40 a are positioned every 120 degrees around the bottle circumference.The load ribs 44 a can vertically align with the grip portion rib 3 asections between the recessed columns 7 a. In some embodiments, thestrap ribs 40 a may be vertically misaligned with the recessed columns 7a. In some embodiments, the strap ribs 40 a may be spaced unequallyaround the bottle circumference. In some embodiments, the base 24 a mayhave more or less strap ribs 40 a than the number of recessed columns 7a.

FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 rotated60 degrees. The sidewall end 42 a of the strap rib 40 a verticallyaligns or points to substantially the center of the recessed columns 7 a(center point of the shallow and/or flattened ribs 2 a,b). Asillustrated in FIG. 2, the strap rib 40 a forms a recess 46 a from aside view perspective. The recess 46 a is relatively a small area incomparison to feet 45 a contact area with a resting surface. A smallrecess 46 a aids in distributing more resin toward the feet 45 a duringthe blowing process. More resin at the feet 45 a increases the abrasionresistance and strength of the feet 45 a. Thus, strap ribs 40 a canfunction to provide internal pressure resistance while leaving enoughresin for the feet 45 a to achieve the benefits of a flat foot base(i.e., thicker resin feet 45 a for greater abrasion, deformation, and/orstress resistance; and/or greater foot contact area for stability andload distribution).

The strap rib 40 a can extend substantially from a central portion ofthe base 24 a (from the central axis 25) as discussed herein. The straprib 40 a can act as a strap between the recessed columns 7 a of thesidewall to the central portion of the base 24 a. As shown in FIG. 2,the strap rib 40 a provides a more direct and shorter path to the centerof the base 24 a from the sidewall of the bottle 1 without proceeding tothe vertical level of the feet 45 a. As discussed herein, the strap rib40 a thus provide relatively more pressure resistant base 24 a. Thestrap rib 40 a provides a link for forces and stresses between thesidewall, including the recessed column 7 a, and the central portion ofthe base 24 a.

FIG. 3 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of a base 24 c havingsix strap ribs 40 c. Three strap ribs 40 c can vertically align withrecessed columns 7 a. The other three strap ribs 40 c can verticallyalign along the central axis substantially at the deep ribs 2 a,b of thegrip portion ribs 3 a and the label panel ribs 20 a. The strap ribs 40 care equally spaced around the circumference of the bottle 1. Withequally spaced strap ribs 40 c, the strap ribs 40 c are positioned every60 degrees around the bottle circumference. Under pressure, the deep rib2 a,b sections may flex out, triangulating the bottle 1. Triangulationof the bottle 1 can occur in the grip portion 8 and/or label portion 10.The strap ribs 40 a vertically aligned with the deep rib 2 a,b sectionscan at least partially prevent the flexing out of the deep ribs 2 a,b.The strap ribs 40 a vertically aligned with the deep ribs 2 a,b resistoutward radial expansion, which in turn can help prevent outward radialexpansion at the grip portion 8 and/or the label portion 10. Preventingoutward radial expansion at the grip portion 8 and/or the label portion10 helps prevent triangulation of the bottle 1. Preventing triangulationhelps retain bottle roundness for consumer appeal. Further, maintainingbottle roundness aids in ensuring a labeler during the bottling processcorrectly labels the bottle. The labeler may not be able to properlylabel a triangulated bottle.

FIG. 4 illustrates a top perspective view of an embodiment of a straprib 40 a. As shown in FIG. 4, the strap rib 40 a has a sidewall end 42 athat terminates at substantially the edge or boundary of the base rib22. The illustrated sidewall end 42 a terminating at or near the baserib 22 still allows for the strap rib 40 a to communicate with therecessed column 7 a through the base rib 22 as discussed herein. By thestrap rib 40 a not proceeding beyond the base rib 22, the base rib 22 ismaintained as an unbroken rib around the perimeter of the bottle 1. Asdiscussed herein, the base rib 22 can act as a contact point with otherbottles during packaging, shipping, and/or handling. An unbroken baserib 22 can better resist stresses and deformation placed on the bottlewhen contacted by or bumped against other bottles or structures. Thus,where retaining contact point integrity is desired, such as for exampleunpressurized or relatively low pressurized bottle applications, thebase rib 22 can remain unbroken with the sidewall end 42 a of the straprib 40 a terminating at or near the base rib 22.

FIG. 5 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of a base 24 b with astrap rib 40 b leading into the sidewall of the bottle passed the baserib 22. As shown in FIG. 5, the sidewall end 42 b of the strap rib 40 bmay terminate in the grip portion 8, such as at a first flattened and/orshallow rib 6 a (first from the base 24 b) when the strap rib 40 bvertically aligns with the recessed column 7 a. In some embodiments, thestrap rib 40 b may vertically align with the deep ribs 2 a,b and mayterminate into a first deep rib 2 a (first from the base 24 b). In someembodiments, the strap rib 40 b may have a sidewall end 42 a thatterminates past the first shallow rib 6 a and/or the first deep rib 2 a,such as for example at the second, third, and/or third fourth gripportion ribs 3 a.

FIG. 6 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of a label portion 10with six recessed columns 7 b. As shown in FIG. 6, the label portion 10may have six shallow ribs 6 b that align vertically. Each verticalalignment of the shallow ribs 6 b forms a recessed column 7 b. Therecessed columns 7 b are equally spaced around the circumference of thebottle 1. With six equally spaced recessed columns 7 b around the bottlecircumference, the recessed column 7 b are positioned every 60 degreesaround the bottle circumference. More recessed columns 7 b can helpprevent triangulation of the bottle 1, including in the label portion10, as discussed herein. Shallow ribs 6 a,b and/or recessed columns 7a,b better resist radially outward flexing, at least partially becauseshallower ribs have less radial depth to provide a range for flexing.Correspondingly, shallow ribs 6 a,b and/or recessed columns 7 a,b havebetter resistance to internal pressure relative to the deep ribs 2 a,b.Thus, more frequent shallow ribs 6 a,b and/or recessed columns 7 a,baround the bottle circumference helps inhibit triangulation of thebottle 1. In some embodiments, the six recessed column 7 b may becombined with embodiments illustrated in FIG. 3 with six strap ribs 40c. Accordingly, such embodiments may better resist triangulation in bothlabel portion 10 and the grip portion 8 as discussed herein. As shown inFIG. 6, having three recessed columns 7 a in the grip portion 8 with sixrecessed column 7 b in the grip portion 10 helps achieve rigidity in thegrip portion 8 with the three regions of deep ribs 2 a providing hoopstrength while avoiding triangulation in the label portion 10 with sixrecessed columns 7 b inhibiting flexing out of the sidewalls,particularly at the label portion 10.

FIG. 7 illustrates a top perspective view of an embodiment of a straprib 40 b. As shown in FIG. 7, the strap rib 40 b has a sidewall end 42 bthat terminates substantially at or in the first shallow rib 6 a (firstfrom the base 24 b) via a straight portion 45 as discussed herein, andin particular, as discussed in reference to FIG. 19. A sidewall end 42 bthat proceeds into the grip portion 8 of the bottle, such as into thegrip portion ribs 3 a, allows the strap rib 40 b to directly connect orcommunicate with a recessed column 7 a. The direct communication of thestrap rib 40 b and the recessed column 7 a can help achieve resistanceto internal pressure as discussed herein. The direct communicationbetween the strap rib 40 b and the recessed column 7 a can help achievebetter transfer and resistance to stresses placed on a bottle asdiscussed herein.

FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate a bottom perspective view of embodiments ofthe bottle 1 with columns in the sidewalls. As shown in FIG. 8A, thebottle 1 may have a protruding column 47 a,b. A protruding column may beconsidered a column that radially protrudes outward from an immediatelysurrounding surface formed by, for example, the sidewall of the bottle1. The protruding column has a grip portion 8 (including the base rib22) protruding column 47 a and a label portion 10 protruding column 47b. The protruding column 47 a,b can resist bending, leaning, and/orstretching as discussed herein. The protruding column 47 a,b can alsoresist radially outward flexing at and near the protruding column 47a,b. The protruding column 47 a,b is formed substantially along theentire length or height of the bottle sidewall without breaking thecontinuity of other bottle contact points of the bottle as discussedherein, such as, for example, at or near the base rib 22. As shown inFIG. 8A, the base 24 a has a strap rib 40 a that substantiallyvertically aligns with the protruding column 47 a,b. The alignment ofthe protruding column 47 a,b with the strap rib 40 a achievessubstantially the same resistance to bending, leaning, stretching,and/or base rollout as discussed herein in reference to the base rib 40a vertically aligning with a recessed column 7 a.

As shown in FIG. 8B, the bottle 1 may have an indented column 49. Anintended column may be considered a column that radially intendsinwardly from an immediately surrounding surface formed by, for example,the sidewall of the bottle 1. The intended column 40 is positioned inthe grip portion 8 (including the base rib 22). The intended column 49can resist bending, leaning, and/or stretching as discussed herein. Theintended column 49 can also resist radially outward flexing at and nearthe intended column 49. The intended column 49 can achieve the desiredfunction discussed herein while avoiding protruding from a perimeter ofthe sidewall of the bottle 1. The intended column 49 can projectthrough, for example, the base rib 22, making the base rib 22discontinuous. A discontinuous rib 22 can be utilized in pressurizedbottle applications where at least some of the contact point resistanceas discussed herein is provided due the bottle being pressurized. Asshown in FIG. 8A, the base 24 b has a strap rib 40 b that substantiallyvertically aligns with the intended column 49. The strap rib 40 btransitions into the intended column 49 continuously for potentiallybetter functionality. The strap rib 40 b can directly communicate withthe intended column 49 by the strap rib 40 b directly transitioning intothe intended column 49, through, for example, the base rib 22 asillustrated in FIG. 8B. The alignment and direct communication of thestrap rib 40 b with the intended column 49 helps form a pressureresistance strap as discussed herein, and in particular, in reference toFIGS. 16, 17, and 25. The alignment and direct communication of theintended column 49 with the strap rib 40 b achieves substantially thesame resistance to bending, leaning, stretching, and/or base rollout asdiscussed herein in reference to the base rib 40 b vertically aligningwith a recessed column 7 a.

FIG. 9 illustrates a bottom perspective view of an embodiment of thebase 24 a. The base 24 a has a strap rib 40 a and a load rib 44 a asdiscussed herein. The base 24 a has a gate 52. As shown in FIG. 9, thebase 24 a may have a dome 54. The dome 54 may be considered the areagenerally or immediately around the gate 52. The dome 54 may be termedas a push up of the base 24 a. For example, the dome 54 is a wall of thebase 24 a that slopes more steeply toward a resting surface when thebottle is vertically placed on the resting surface relative to the restof the wall of the base 24 a leading to legs the 45 a of the base 24 a.

The strap rib 40 a has a base end 56 a that terminates near, at, or inthe dome 54. In some embodiments, the base end 56 a for a strap rib 40 acan be positioned outside of the dome 54 region similarly to base ends58 a for load ribs 44 a. The strap rib 40 a has a petal wall (i.e.,valley wall) 48 a that connects that strap rib 40 a to portions of thebase 24 a and the feet 45 a of the base 24 a. The petal wall 48 asmoothly and gradually transitions into the base 24 a and the feet 45 a.The smooth and gradual transition provides internal pressure resistanceat and near the petal wall 48 a since more spherical features of thebottle 1 can better accommodate internal pressure. The strap rib 40 a isrelatively deeper in the base 24 a than the load rib 58 a to providestress transfer and pressure resistance as discussed herein.

The load rib 44 a has a base end 58 a that terminates at, near, or atthe dome 54. As shown in FIG. 9, the base end 58 a of the load rib 44 amay terminate before the base end 56 a of the strap rib 40 a. The loadrib 44 a is shallow relative to the strap rib 40 a. As show in FIG. 9,the load rib 44 a may not have or may have a smaller petal wall 48 afeature as discussed herein reference to the strap rib 40 a. Thetransition from the load rib 44 a to the base 24 a and the feet 45 a ismore abrupt or sharper. The sharper transition provides external stressresistance relative to a petal 48 a. When the bottle 1 is top loadedduring packaging, shipping, and/or handling, sharper transitions of theload ribs 44 a help resist bending and/or leaning as discussed hereinby, for example, maintaining the integrity and shape of the base 24 a.

The sharper transitions provide for faster transitions into the feet 45a of the base 24 a. Faster transitions lead to more area of the base 24a being available for relatively larger feet 45 a. Larger feet 45 a of aflat foot base 24 a as discussed herein and as illustrated in FIG. 9provide more resin contact area with a resting surface. More resincontacting the resting surface provides better abrasion resistance andstability of the base 24 a.

As shown in FIG. 9, the petal wall 48 a may transition into the straprib 40 a itself more abruptly or sharply relative to the transition fromthe petal 48 a to the feet 45 a. The sharper transitions at the straprib 40 a itself may provide more rigidity to the strap rib 40 a toresist or inhibit flexing due to internal pressures as discussed herein.

FIG. 10 illustrates a bottom perspective view of an embodiment of thebase 24 b. The base 24 b has a strap rib 40 b and a load rib 44 b asdiscussed herein. The strap rib 40 b has a base end 56 b that terminatesnear, at, or in the dome 54. As shown in FIG. 10, the base end 56 b ofthe strap rib 40 b may terminate substantially near or at the gate 52.The load rib 44 b has a base end 58 b that terminates near, at, or inthe dome 54. As shown in FIG. 10, the base end 58 b of the load rib 44 bmay terminate before the base end 56 b of the strap rib 40 b.Terminating the base ends 56 b of the strap rib 40 b and/or the base end58 b of the load rib 44 b substantially near or at the gate 52 canprovide more internal pressure resistance to the base 24 b as discussedherein, helping prevent, for example, base 24 b rollout. Terminating thebase ends 56 b of the strap rib 40 b substantially near or at the gate52 provides a strap rib 40 b that is continuous from (or near) the gate52 to the sidewall end 42 b. As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 10, thesidewall end 42 b may terminate at the first shallow rib 6 a andcommunicate directly with a recessed column 7 a. The continuity from therecessed column 7 a to the gate 52 provides a substantially continuouspressure resistance band or strap from a top of the label portion 10 tothe gate 52. A pressure resistance strap 9 a,b (FIGS. 16 and 17) that issubstantially continuous can provide greater resistance to internalpressure as discussed herein.

FIG. 11 illustrates a bottom perspective view of an embodiment of thebase 24 c. The base 24 c has a strap rib 40 c and a load rib 44 c asdiscussed herein. As show in FIG. 11, the base 24 c does not have adome. The walls of the base 24 c radially extend directly from the gate52. Not having a dome helps prevent puddle formation of resin near thegate 52. Avoiding puddle formation can reduce wasted resin. As shown inFIG. 11, without a dome 54, the strap rib 40 c can extend directly ornearly continuously to the gate 52. The strap rib 40 c can terminatenear or at the gate 52 with a smooth transition into the wall near thegate 52 or the gate itself 52. The smooth transitions from the gate 52,the wall around the gate 52, the base end 43 c, and/or strap rib 40 ccreate a more uniform wall or surface of the base 24 c, particularlyaround the gate 52 where a majority of the flexing due to base rolloutoccurs. The more uniform wall feature is better able to resist internalpressure as discussed herein, and in particular, resistance to bottlestretching and base rollout. The resistance to internal pressure isfurther enhanced by providing six strap ribs 43 c that inhibit base 24 crollout. With more strap ribs 40 c resisting internal pressure, the lesslikely the base 24 c is to rollout under increased pressure. Further,more of the base 24 c is formed by the petal walls 48 c, which increasesinternal pressure resistance due to an increased surface area beingprovided by a spherical surface of the petal walls 48 c as discussedherein.

FIGS. 12-15 illustrate bottom views of embodiments of the various basesdiscussed herein. FIGS. 12-14 show a series of bases that illustrate agradual progression of some of the base ends 56 a-d, 58 a-d closertoward the gate 52. For example, as discussed herein, the base end 56 bof the load rib 40 b is closer to the gate 52 in the dome 54 than thebase end 56 a of the load rib 40 a. As another example, as discussedherein, the base end 58 b of the load rib 44 b is closer to the gate 52in the dome 54 than the base end 58 a of the load rib 44 a. As shown, inFIGS. 12 and 13, the base ends 58 a,b of the load ribs 44 a,b may beradially further away from the gate 52 than the base ends 56 a,b of thestrap ribs 40 a,b. As shown in FIG. 14, the base ends 58 c of the loadribs 44 c may be radially equidistant from the gate 52 with the baseends 56 c of the strap ribs 40 c. In some embodiments, a closerproximity of the base ends 56 a,b,c of the strap ribs 40 a,b,c to thegate 52 may provide better internal pressure resistance as discussedherein. In some embodiments, a closer proximity of the base ends 58a,b,c of the load ribs 44 a,b,c to the gate 52 may provide furtherbetter internal pressure resistance as discussed herein, although theprimary internal pressure resistance is still provided by the strap ribs40 a,b,c. The base ends 58 a,b,c of the load ribs 44 a,b,c extendingcloser to the gate 52 with the base ends 56 a,b,c of the strap ribs 40a,b,c can complement the pressure resistance provided by the strap ribs40 a,b,c.

As shown in FIG. 15, an embodiment of the base 24 c without a dome 54 cforms a more uniform wall around the gate 52. The strap ribs 40 c can bea more smooth or continuous extension from or around the gate 52. Thecontinuous extension from or around the gate 52 helps form a pressureresistance strap 9 c (FIG. 17) that extends from the gate 52 to a top ofthe label portion 10. The continuous pressure resistance strap 9 c isbetter able to resist internal pressure as discussed herein, and inparticular, resistance to bottle stretching and base rollout.

FIG. 16A illustrates a cross-section along the central axis 25 of anembodiment of the bottle 1 as illustrated in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG.16A, the flat rib or recessed column 7 a is located on the opposite sideof the bottle circumference of the deep rib 2 a,b portions (with, forexample, an embodiment having three recessed columns 7 a). In theillustrated embodiment, the base rib 22 has a constant cross-sectionthroughout the circumference of the bottle 1. In some embodiments, thediameter Ld of the base 24 is larger by 0.5 to 2 millimeters, 0.6, 0.7,0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, or 1.9 millimeters,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values, than anyother diameter of the bottle 1. In an embodiment with the largestdiameter of the bottle 1 being Ld, the bottle 1 has a single point ofcontact at just the base 24 a with other substantially similar bottlesin a production line and/or packaging. Further, a larger base 24 adiameter Ld may improve stability when there is any damage to the base24 a. As shown in FIG. 16A, the diameter Ls at the shoulder 18 may beequal to the diameter Ld, which provides for two points of contact, atthe shoulder 18 and base 24 a, with other substantially similar bottlesin a production line and/or packaging. In some embodiments, thediameter(s) in any portion of the bottle 1 varies, where the largestdiameters create points of contact in a production line and/orpackaging. The bottles may have either a single point of contact ormultiple points of contact.

As shown in FIG. 16A, a strap rib 40 a may vertically align with arecessed column 7 a. The strap rib 40 a and recessed column 7 a incombination can form a pressure resistance band 9 a that substantiallyextends from the gate 52 to a top portion of the label portion 10 or atop portion of the recessed column 7 a. The pressure resistance band 9 aprovides resistance against internal pressure substantially for the base24 a and sidewall of the bottle 1 to, for example, inhibit stretchingand/or base rollout as discussed herein.

FIGS. 16B and 16C illustrate embodiments where the deep rib 2 a,b is adepth that is larger than a depth of the middle rib 4 a,b which islarger than a depth of the flattened and/or shallow rib 6 a,b. Thetransition between the varying depths is smooth as depicted in FIG. 1A.In some embodiments, the transition may be some other form such as astep change connecting the varying depth portions or sections. In theillustrated embodiments, a grip portion rib 3 a (i.e., sidewall ribs)has three deep rib 2 a portions, six middle rib 4 a portions, and threeflattened and/or shallow rib 6 a portions. As disclosed herein, the term“portions” can be equivalent to the term “sections” in reference tovarying depth ribs.

Referring to FIG. 16B, an embodiment showing a cross-section of thebottle 1, looking down the vertical or central axis 25, illustrates across-section of a grip portion rib 3 a. As disclosed herein, the term“vertical axis” can be equivalent of the term “central axis”. The depthof the grip portion rib 3 a varies from deep ribs 2 a to flattenedand/or shallow ribs 6 a. The one or more flattened and/or shallow ribs 6a form an equivalent of recessed columns 7 a at portions where aplurality flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 a substantially verticallyline up along the vertical or central axis 25 of the bottle 1 asillustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. A plurality of deep ribs 2 a substantiallyvertically line up along the vertical or central axis 25 of the bottle 1as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. A plurality of middle ribs 4 asubstantially vertically line up along the vertical or central axis 25of the bottle 1 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In the illustrated embodiment with three lined-up flattened and/orshallow rib 6 a portion, the bottle 1 respectively has three recessedcolumns 7 a. The three recessed columns 7 a are equally spaced apartaround the circumference of the bottle and located on the opposite sideof the bottle circumference from the deep rib 2 a portions. However, theflattened and/or shallow ribs 6 a may be unequally spaced apart aroundthe circumference of the bottle 1. Further, any number of recessedcolumns 7 a may be incorporated into a design of the bottle 1 byincreasing or decreasing the number of flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 athat substantially vertically line up along the vertical or central axis25. For instance, the bottle may have as few as 1 or up to 10 recessedcolumns 7 a, including 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 recessed columns 7,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values. In theillustrated embodiment, the collections of flattened and/or shallow ribs6 a that form recessed columns 7 a provide resistance to leaning, and/orload crushing, and/or stretching. Leaning can occur when during and/orafter bottle packaging, a bottle experiences top load forces (tangentialforces or otherwise) from other bottles and/or other objects stacked ontop of the bottle. Similarly, top load crushing can occur due tovertical compression (or otherwise) forces from bottles and/or otherobjects stacked on top. Stretching can occur when a bottle ispressurized. In the illustrated embodiment, the recessed columns 7 atransfer the resulting tangential or compression forces along the wallto the base 24 a and increase bottle 1 rigidity. Deep ribs 2 a of thegrip label rib 3 a provide the hoop strength that can be equivalent tothe hoop strength of normal depth ribs. As with the flattened and/orshallow rib 6 a portions, the deep rib 2 a portions may vary from 1 to10 in number on the grip panel ribs 3 a, including 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,or 9 deep rib 2 portions, including ranges bordered and including theforegoing values.

As FIG. 16B illustrates, certain embodiments may minimize thetriangle-shaped or flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 a to 20-30%,including 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, or 29%, of the bottlecircumference, resulting in a respective 70-80%, including 71, 72, 73,74, 75, 76, 77, 78, or 79%, of the bottle circumference beingtrapezoid-shaped or deep ribs 2 a and middle ribs 4 a, including rangesbordered and including the foregoing values. However, any ratio oftriangle-shaped to trapezoidal ribs, or other shapes known in the art,may be utilized.

Referring to FIG. 16B, an embodiment showing a cross-section of thebottle 1, looking down the vertical or central axis 25, illustrates across-section of a label panel rib 20 a (i.e., sidewall ribs). The depthof the label panel rib 20 a varies from deep ribs 2 b to flattenedand/or shallow ribs 6 b. The one or more flattened and/or shallow ribs 6b form an equivalent of recessed columns 7 a at portions where aplurality flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 b substantially verticallyline up along the vertical or central axis 25 of the bottle 1 asillustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. The recessed columns 7 a can include oneor more flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 a of the grip portion 8 asdiscussed herein. A plurality of deep ribs 2 b substantially verticallyline up along the vertical or central axis 25 of the bottle 1 asillustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. A plurality of middle ribs 4 bsubstantially vertically line up along the vertical or central axis 25of the bottle 1 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In the illustrated embodiment, with three lined-up flattened and/orshallow rib 6 b portions, the bottle 1 respectively has three recessedcolumns 7 a. The flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 b of the label panelribs 20 a can vertically line up along the vertical or central axis 25with the flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 a of the grip portion ribs 3 ato form the three recessed columns 7 a. Thus, in some embodiments, therecessed columns 7 a can extend along a majority or substantial entiretyof the sidewall (e.g., height and/or length) of the bottle 1 as, forexample, illustrated in FIG. 1.

In some embodiments, the flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 b of the labelpanel ribs 20 a are vertically misaligned with the flattened and/orshallow ribs 6 a of the grip portion ribs 3 a such that the labelportion 10 has a set of recessed columns and the grip portion 8 hasanother set of recessed columns. Thus, the recessed column of the labelportion 10 can be vertically misaligned from the recessed columns of thegrip portion 8.

The plurality of deep ribs 2 b of the label portion 10 can substantiallyvertically line up along the vertical or central axis 25 with theplurality of deep ribs 2 a of the grip portion 8 as illustrated in FIGS.1 and 2. In some embodiments, the plurality of deep ribs 2 b of thelabel portion 10 can be vertically misaligned with the plurality of deepribs 2 a of the grip portion 8. The plurality of middle ribs 4 b labelportion 10 can substantially vertically line up along the vertical orcentral axis 25 with the middle ribs 4 a of the grip portion 8 asillustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. In some embodiments, the plurality ofmiddle ribs 4 b label portion 10 can be vertically misaligned with themiddle ribs 4 a of the grip portion 8.

In the illustrated embodiment, the three recessed columns 7 a areequally spaced apart around the circumference of the bottle and locatedon the opposite side of the bottle circumference from the deep rib 2 bportions. However, the flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 a,b may beunequally spaced apart around the circumference of the bottle 1.Further, any number of recessed columns 7 a may be incorporated into adesign of the bottle 1 by increasing or decreasing the number offlattened and/or shallow ribs 6 a,b that substantially vertically lineup along the vertical or central axis 25. For instance, the bottle 1 mayhave as few as 1 or up to 10 recessed columns 7 a, including 2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7, 8, or 9 recessed columns 7 a, including ranges bordered andincluding the foregoing values. In the illustrated embodiment, thecollections of flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 b that form recessedcolumns 7 a provide resistance to leaning, load crushing, and/orstretching as discussed herein. In the illustrated embodiment, therecessed columns 7 a transfer the resulting tangential or compressionforces along the wall to the base 24 a and increase bottle 1 rigidity.Deep ribs 2 b of the label panel rib 20 a provide the hoop strength thatcan be equivalent to the hoop strength of normal depth ribs. As with theflattened and/or shallow rib 6 b portions, the deep rib 2 b portions mayvary from 1 to 10 in number on the label panel rib 20 a, including 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 deep rib 2 b portions, including ranges bordered andincluding the foregoing values.

A depth Dd of a deep rib 2 a may vary from 1 to 10 millimeters,including 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3,2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, or 2.9 millimeters, or 1 to 9, 1 to 7, 1 to 5,or 1 to 3 millimeters, including ranges bordered and including theforegoing values.

A depth DL of label panel rib 20 a (i.e., deep rib 2 b) may vary from0.5 to 10 millimeters, including 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3,1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8,2.9, 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.9, 4, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4,4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, or 4.9 millimeters, 0.5 to 9, 0.5 to 7, 0.5 to 5, or0.5 to 3 millimeters, including ranges bordered and including theforegoing values.

A depth Dm of a middle rib 4 a may vary from 0.5 to 5 millimeters,including 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8,1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3,3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7,4.8, or 4.9 millimeters, including ranges bordered and including theforegoing values. The length of the root wall 136 may vary from 0.3 to2.5 millimeters, including 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2,1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, or 2.4 millimeters,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values. The ratioof Dd of the deep ribs 2 a to the Dm of middle ribs 4 a may vary from1:1 to 20:1, including 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1,11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, or 19:1, includingranges bordered and including the foregoing values.

A depth Df of a shallow rib 6 a may vary from 0 to 2.5 millimeters,including 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3,1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, or 2.4 millimeters,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values. The ratioof Dd of the deep ribs 2 a to the Df of the flattened and/or shallowribs 6 a may vary from 1:1 to 100:1, including 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1,7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1,19:1, 20:1, 21:1, 22:1, 23:1, 24:1, 25:1, 26:1, 27:1, 28:1, or 29:1, or1:1 to 90:1, 1:1 to 80:1, 1:1 to 70:1, 1:1 to 60:1, 1:1 to 50:1, 1:1 to40:1, 1:1 to 30:1 or 1:1 to 20:1, including ranges bordered andincluding the foregoing values, including where Df is zero, resulting inan infinite ratio. The ratio of Dm of the middle ribs 4 a to the Df ofthe flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 a may vary from 1:1 to 50:1,including 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 11:1, 12:1,13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 19:1, 20:1, 21:1, 22:1, 23:1, or24:1 or 1:1 to 40:1, 1:1 to 30:1, or 1:1 to 20:1, including rangesbordered and including the foregoing values, including where Df is zero,resulting in an infinite ratio.

A depth Ds of a flattened and/or shallow rib 6 b may vary from 0 to 2.5millimeters, including 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1,1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, or 2.4millimeters, including ranges bordered and including the foregoingvalues. The ratio of Dd of the deep ribs 2 a to the Ds of the flattenedand/or shallow ribs 6 b may vary from 1:1 to 100:1, including 2:1, 3:1,4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1,17:1, 18:1, 19:1, 20:1, 21:1, 22:1, 23:1, 24:1, 25:1, 26:1, 27:1, 28:1,or 29:1, or 1:1 to 90:1, 1:1 to 80:1, 1:1 to 70:1, 1:1 to 60:1, 1:1 to50:1, 1:1 to 40:1, 1:1 to 30:1 or 1:1 to 20:1, including ranges borderedand including the foregoing values, including where Ds is zero,resulting in an infinite ratio. The ratio of DL of the deep ribs 2 b tothe Ds of the flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 b may vary from 1:1 to100:1, including 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 11:1,12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 19:1, 20:1, 21:1, 22:1, 23:1,24:1, 25:1, 26:1, 27:1, 28:1, or 29:1, or 1:1 to 90:1, 1:1 to 80:1, 1:1to 70:1, 1:1 to 60:1, 1:1 to 50:1, 1:1 to 40:1, 1:1 to 30:1 or 1:1 to20:1, including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values,including where Ds is zero, resulting in an infinite ratio. The ratio ofDm of the middle ribs 4 a, 4 b to the Ds of the flattened and/or shallowribs 6 b may vary from 1:1 to 50:1, including 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1,7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1,19:1, 20:1, 21:1, 22:1, 23:1, or 24:1 or 1:1 to 40:1, 1:1 to 30:1, or1:1 to 20:1, including ranges bordered and including the foregoingvalues, including where Ds is zero, resulting in an infinite ratio. Theratio of DL of the deep ribs 2 b to the Ds of the flattened and/orshallow ribs 6 b may vary from 1:1 to 100:1, including 2:1, 3:1, 4:1,5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1,18:1, 19:1, 20:1, 21:1, 22:1, 23:1, 24:1, 25:1, 26:1, 27:1, 28:1, or29:1, or 1:1 to 90:1, 1:1 to 80:1, 1:1 to 70:1, 1:1 to 60:1, 1:1 to50:1, 1:1 to 40:1, 1:1 to 30:1 or 1:1 to 20:1, including ranges borderedand including the foregoing values, including where Ds is zero,resulting in an infinite ratio.

FIG. 17 illustrates a cross-section along the central axis 25 of anembodiment of the bottle 1 as illustrated in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG.17, the flat rib or recessed column 7 a is located on the opposite sideof the bottle circumference of the deep rib 2 a portions (with, forexample, an embodiment having three recessed columns 7 a). In theillustrated embodiment, the base rib 22 has a constant cross-sectionthroughout the circumference of the bottle 1. The features and functionof various diameters, including Ld and Ls, can be utilized as discussedherein.

As shown in FIG. 17, a strap rib 40 a may vertically align with arecessed column 7 a. Another strap rib 40 a may vertically align withthe deep rib 2 a,b portions. In the illustrated embodiment, the twostrap ribs 40 a and recessed column 70 a in combination can form apressure resistance band 9 c that substantially extends from the baserib 22 near the deep ribs 2 a, through the gate 52, and to a top portionof the label portion 10 or a top portion of the recessed column 7 a. Thepressure resistance band 9 c provides resistance against internalpressure substantially continuously through the base 24 c to thesidewall of the bottle 1 to, for example, inhibit stretching and baserollout as discussed herein. In some embodiments, the other strap rib 40a may vertically align another recessed column 7 a where, for example,the bottle 1 has six recessed columns 7 a. A pressure resistance bandmay be formed by the combination of two recessed columns and two strapribs. The pressure resistance band may extend from a top portion of thelabel portion 10 on one side of the bottle 1, down the sidewall on theone side of the bottle 1 and through the gate 52, up the sidewall on theother side of the bottle 1 to a top portion of the label portion 10 onthe other side of the bottle 1 to provide pressure resistance asdiscussed here and substantially continuously through a longitudinalperimeter of the bottle 1 (along the central axis 25 at the sidewallsand through the central axis at the base 24 c). For example, FIG. 25illustrates such an embodiment.

FIG. 18 illustrates a cross-section along the central axis 25 of anembodiment of the base 24 a as illustrated in FIG. 16A. As shown in FIG.18, the base 24 a has a strap rib 40 a that begins from the base end 56a with a positive slope upward (relative to a resting surface of thebase 24 a of the bottle 1) at an angle θ1 a toward the sidewall of thebottle 1. Stated differently, the strap rib 40 a does not proceed towardor get closer to the resting surface from the base end 56 a surfacebefore proceeding upwardly to connect to the sidewall of the bottle 1.The immediate or near immediate upward/positive slope at the angle θ1 aof the strap rib 40 a relative to the resting surface toward thesidewall of the bottle 1 helps inhibit flexing of the gate 52 and dome54 due to internal pressures. The upward/positive slope at the angle θ1a combined with a connection to a sidewall of the bottle 1 at thesidewall end 42 a as discussed herein further helps inhibit flexing ofthe gate 52 and dome 54 due to internal pressures. In some embodiments,the angle θ1 a may initially be zero and positively increase alongradius R1 a as the strap rib proceeds away from the base end 56 a towardthe sidewall end 42 a. In some embodiments, the larger the angle θ1 a isstarting from the base end 56 a, the larger the pressure resistance willbe. In some embodiments, angle θ1 a may vary from 0 to 60 degrees,including 5 to 50, 10 to 55, 15 to 50, 20 to 45, 25 to 35, 20 to 30,including up to 45, up to 40, up to 35, up to 30, up to 25, and up to20, including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values. Insome embodiments, the angle θ1 a may initially be negative from the baseend 56 a with a radius (curve) of the strap rib 40 a curving the straprib 40 a toward the sidewall end 42 a as discussed herein withoutdeparting from the scope of the features and functions disclosed herein.

The strap rib 40 a extends from the base end 56 a to the sidewall end 42a along one or more radii. As shown in FIG. 18, the strap rib 40 a mayextend from the base end 56 a with a radius R1 a and transition to aradius R2 a to terminate at the sidewall end 42 a near or at the baserib 22. In some embodiments, the radius R1 a may vary from 20 to 80millimeters, including 25 to 75, 30 to 65, 35 to 60, 40 to 55, andincluding 50 millimeters, including ranges bordered and including theforegoing values, where for example, the diameter (Ld and/or Ls) of thebottle 1 may vary from 30 to 200 millimeters, including 30 to 40, 30 to50, 40 to 60, 50 to 70, 60 to 80, 40 to 190, 50 to 180, 60 to 170, 70 to160, 80 to 150, 90 to 140, 100 to 130, and 110 to 120 millimeters,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values. The ratioof radius R1 a to bottle diameter can vary from 8:1 to 1:10, including7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8 and1:9, including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values. Insome embodiments, the radius R2 a may vary from 1 to 25 millimeters,including 5 to 10, 5 to 20, 5 to 10, 1 to 10, 1 to 5, and 10 to 20millimeters, including ranges bordered and including the foregoingvalues, where for example, the diameter (Ld and/or Ls) of the bottle 1may vary from 30 to 200 millimeters, including 30 to 40, 30 to 50, 40 to60, 50 to 70, 60 to 80, 40 to 190, 50 to 180, 60 to 170, 70 to 160, 80to 150, 90 to 140, 100 to 130, and 110 to 120 millimeters, includingranges bordered and including the foregoing values. The ratio of radiusR2 a to bottle diameter can vary from 11 to 1:200, including 1:10, 1:20,1:30, 1:40, 1:50, 1:60, 1:70, 1:80, 1:90, 1:100, 1:120, 1:130, 1:140,1:150, 1:160, 1:170, 1:180, 1:190, including ranges bordered andincluding the foregoing values. The above ranges and/or ratios areprovided as examples. In some embodiments, the radii of the strap rib 40a and/or diameter of the bottle or other types of containers may exceedthe above stated ranges and/or ratios, such as, for example, inbarrel-type containers.

In some embodiments, the radius R1 a and/or radius R2 a are relativelylarge or infinite. Stated differently, the strap rib 40 a can bestraight or nearly straight from the base end 56 a to the sidewall end42 a. A straight strap rib can resist more pressure. Providing acurvature with one or more radii to the strap rib can improve theblowing process to help prevent poorly blown bottles, which may reducepressure resistance. In some embodiments, the strap rib 40 a is acombination of curved and straight portions, such as, for example, asdiscussed in reference to FIG. 19.

In some embodiments, the transition 41 a from radius R1 a to radius R2 a(or more than one transition with a strap rib having more than tworadii) can occur anywhere along the strap rib 40 a. As show in FIG. 18,the transition 41 a from radius R1 a to radius R2 a may occur at heightH1 a. In some embodiments, the height H1 a may vary from 5 to 30millimeters, including 10 to 25 and 15 to 20, including ranges borderedand including the foregoing values, where for example, the height of thebottle 1 may vary from 65 to 300 millimeters, including 80 to 290, 90 to270, 100 to 260, 110 to 250, 120 to 240, 130 to 230, 140 to 220, 150 to210, 160 to 200, 170 to 190, including ranges bordered and including theforegoing values. The ratio of height H1 a to bottle height can varyfrom 1:3 to 1:60, including 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11,1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, 1:40, 1:45, 1:50, and 1:55,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values. The aboveranges and/or ratios are provided as examples. In some embodiments,height H1 a and/or height of the bottle or other types of containers mayexceed the above stated ranges and/or ratios, such as, for example, inbarrel-type containers.

FIG. 19 illustrates a cross-section along the central axis 25 of anembodiment of the base 24 b as illustrated in FIG. 17. As shown in FIG.19, the base 24 b has a strap rib 40 b that begins from the sidewall end56 b with a positive slope upward (relative to a resting surface of thebase 24 a of the bottle 1) at an angle θ1 b toward the sidewall of thebottle 1. Stated differently, the strap rib 40 a does not proceed towardor get closer to the resting surface before proceeding upwardly toconnect to the sidewall of the bottle 1. The immediate or near immediateupward/positive slope at the angle θ1 b of the strap rib 40 a relativeto the resting surface toward the sidewall of the bottle 1 helps inhibitflexing of the gate 52 and dome 54 due to internal pressures. Theupward/positive slope at the angle θ1 b combined with a connection to asidewall of the bottle 1 at the sidewall end 42 b as discussed hereinfurther helps inhibit flexing of the gate 52 and dome 54 due to internalpressures. In some embodiments, the angle θ1 b may initially be zero andpositively increase along radius R1 b as the strap rib proceeds awayfrom the base end 56 b toward the sidewall end 42 b. In someembodiments, the larger the angle θ1 b is starting from the base end 56b, the larger the pressure resistance will be. In some embodiments,angle θ1 b may vary from 0 to 60 degrees, including 5 to 50, 10 to 55,15 to 50, 20 to 45, 25 to 35, to 30, including up to 45, up to 40, up to35, up to 30, up to 25, and up to 20, including ranges bordered andincluding the foregoing values. In some embodiments, the angle θ1 b mayinitially be negative from the base end 56 b with a radius (curve) ofthe strap rib 40 b curving the strap rib 40 b toward the sidewall end asdiscussed herein without departing from the scope of the features andfunctions disclosed herein.

The strap rib 40 b extends from the base end 56 b to the sidewall end 42b along one or more radii. As shown in FIG. 19, the strap rib 40 b mayextend from the base end 56 a with a radius R1 b and transition 41 b toa radius R2 b through the base rib 22, followed by a transition 43 b toa straight portion 45 to terminate at the sidewall end 42 b near, at, inthe first shallow rib 6 a as discussed herein. In some embodiments, theradius R1 b may vary from 20 to 85 millimeters, including 25 to 80, 30to 70, 35 to 65, 40 to 60, 45 to 55 and including 50 millimeters,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values, where forexample, the diameter (Ld and/or Ls) of the bottle 1 may vary from 30 to200 millimeters, including 30 to 40, 30 to 50, 40 to 60, 50 to 70, 60 to80, 40 to 190, 50 to 180, 60 to 170, 70 to 160, 80 to 150, 90 to 140,100 to 130, and 110 to 120 millimeters, including ranges bordered andincluding the foregoing values. The ratio of radius R1 b to bottlediameter can vary from 9:1 to 1:10, including 8:1, 7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 4:1,3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8 and 1:9, includingranges bordered and including the foregoing values. In some embodiments,the radius R2 b may vary from 0 to 30 millimeters, including 5 to 25, 5to 20, 5 to 10, 1 to 10, and 10 to 20 millimeters, including rangesbordered and including the foregoing values, where for example, thediameter (Ld and/or Ls) of the bottle 1 may vary from 30 to 200millimeters, including 30 to 40, 30 to 50, 40 to 60, 50 to 70, 60 to 80,40 to 190, 50 to 180, 60 to 170, 70 to 160, 80 to 150, 90 to 140, 100 to130, and 110 to 120 millimeters, including ranges bordered and includingthe foregoing values. The ratio of radius R2 b to bottle diameter canvary from 1:1 to 1:200, including 1:10, 1:20, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, 1:60,1:70, 1:80, 1:90, 1:100, 1:120, 1:130, 1:140, 1:150, 1:160, 1:170,1:180, 1:190, including ranges bordered and including the foregoingvalues, or infinite with a radius R2 b that is zero. The above rangesare provided as examples. In some embodiments, the radii of the straprib and/or diameter of the bottle or other types of containers mayexceed the above stated ranges and/or ratios, such as, for example, inbarrel-type containers.

In some embodiments, the radius R1 b and/or radius R2 b are relativelylarge or infinite. Stated differently, the strap rib 40 b can bestraight or nearly straight from the base end 56 b to the sidewall end42 b. A straight strap rib can resist more pressure. Providing acurvature with one or more radii to the strap rib can improve theblowing process to help prevent poorly blown bottles, which may reducepressure resistance. In some embodiments, the strap rib 40 b has morethan one straight portion 45 as discussed herein positioned anywherealong the strap rib 40 b from the base sidewall end 42 b to the base end56 b. The straight portions 45 can be positioned to connect with curvedportions and/or other straight portions of the strap rib 40 b. Thestraight portions 45 can be any length, including substantially anentire length of the strap rib 40 b from the sidewall end 42 b to thebase end 56 b.

In some embodiments, the transition 41 b from radius R1 b to radius R2 b(or more than one transition with a strap rib having more than tworadii) can occur anywhere along the strap rib 40 b. As shown in FIG. 19,the transition 41 b from radius R1 b to radius R2 b may occur at heightH1 b. In some embodiments, the height H1 b may vary from 5 to 35millimeters, including 10 to 30, 15 to 25, and 15 to 20, includingranges bordered and including the foregoing values, where for example,the height of the bottle 1 may vary from 65 to 300 millimeters,including 80 to 290, 90 to 270, 100 to 260, 110 to 250, 120 to 240, 130to 230, 140 to 220, 150 to 210, 160 to 200, 170 to 190, including rangesbordered and including the foregoing values. The ratio of height H1 b tobottle height can vary from 1:2 to 1:60, including 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6,1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30,1:40, 1:45, 1:50, and 1:55, including ranges bordered and including theforegoing values. The above ranges and/or ratios are provided asexamples. In some embodiments, height H1 b and/or height of the bottleor other types of containers may exceed the above stated ranges and/orratios, such as, for example, in barrel-type containers.

In some embodiments, the transition 43 b from radius R2 b (or R1 b insome embodiments) to the straight portion 45 can occur anywhere alongthe strap rib 40 b. As shown in FIG. 19, the transition from radius R2 b(or R2 b in some embodiments) to the straight portion 45 may occur atheight H2 b. In some embodiments, the height H2 b may vary from 10 to 60millimeters, including 15 to 55, 20 to 50, 25 to 45, and 30 to 40,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values, where forexample, the height of the bottle 1 may vary from 65 to 300 millimeters,including 80 to 290, 90 to 270, 100 to 260, 110 to 250, 120 to 240, 130to 230, 140 to 220, 150 to 210, 160 to 200, 170 to 190, including rangesbordered and including the foregoing values. The ratio of height H2 b tobottle height can vary from 1:2 to 1:60, including 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6,1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30,1:40, 1:45, 1:50, and 1:55, including ranges bordered and including theforegoing values. In some embodiments, the straight portion 45 mayextend into the sidewall of the bottle 1 straight from radius R2 b at anangle θ2 b relative to the bottle sidewall (or central axis). The angleθ2 b may vary from 0 to 15 degrees, including 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 degrees, including ranges bordered and includingthe foregoing values. The above ranges and/or ratios are provided asexamples. In some embodiments, height H2 b and/or height of the bottleor other types of containers may exceed the above stated ranges and/orratios, such as, for example, in barrel-type containers.

FIG. 20 illustrates cross-sections along the central axis 25 ofembodiments of overlaid bases 24 a,b as illustrated in FIGS. 18 and 19.As discussed herein, and in particular, in reference to FIGS. 18 and 19,both strap ribs 40 a,b extend from the dome 54 and/or gate 52 from baseend 56 a,b at a positive angle sloping upwards toward the sidewall ofthe bottle 1. As shown in FIG. 20, the strap rib 40 b that extendsfurther up the bottle sidewall may extend from the base end 56 a,b at amore positive angle upward toward the bottle sidewall to the sidewallend 42 b relative to the positive angle upward of the strap rib 40 a.The strap rib 40 b has a greater radius of curvature R1 b than theradius of curvature of R1 a of the strap rib 40 a to extend further upthe bottle sidewall as discussed herein.

FIG. 21 illustrates a top perspective view of an embodiment of a bottle3. The bottle 3 is a substantially square bottle with four walls. Thefour corners of the bottle 3 are rounded for ease of usability and easeof blowing. The bottle 3 has a base 24 e that extends to a grip portion8. The grip portion 8 comprises a plurality of grip portion ribs 3 b(i.e., sidewall ribs). As illustrated in FIG. 21, grip portion ribs 3 b(positioned in the grip portion 8) may vary in depth by separating ortransitioning from the rib a deep rib 2 c to a flattened and/or shallowrib 6 c to be discussed in further detail below.

Referring to FIG. 21, a label portion 10 is connected to the gripportion 8 and comprises one or more label panel ribs 20 b (i.e.,sidewall ribs). The label panel portion 10 transitions into a shoulder18, which connects to a bell 16. The bell 16 may include scallops(including as illustrated) or other design features or it may be smoothand generally unornamented. The bell 16 connects to a neck 14, whichconnects to a finish 12. From the label portion 10, the bell 16 leadsupward and radially inward, relative to a central axis 25, to the neck14 and finish 12. The finish 12 can be adapted to receive a closure toseal contents in the bottle 3. The finish 12 defines an opening 11 thatleads to an interior of the bottle 3 for containing a beverage and/orother contents. The interior can be defined as at least one of thefinish 12, the neck 14, the bell 16, the shoulder 18, the label portion10, the grip portion 8, or the base 24 e.

A substantially vertical wall (or sidewall) comprising the grip portion8 and label portion 10 between the base 24 e and the bell 16, extendingsubstantially along the central axis 25 to define at least part of theinterior of the bottle 3, can be considered a sidewall of the bottle 3.In some embodiments, the sidewall may include the bell 16, shoulder 18,and/or base 24 e. The perimeter of the sidewall is substantiallyperpendicular to the central axis 25 of the interior. The sidewalldefines at least part of the interior of the bottle 3. The finish 12,the neck 14, the bell 16, the shoulder 18, the label portion 10, thegrip portion 8, and the base 24 e can each define a respective perimeteror circumference (substantially perpendicular to the central axis 25)corresponding to that portion. For example, the label portion 10 has alabel portion perimeter. As another example, the grip portion 8 has agrip portion perimeter.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 21, each of the grip portion ribs3 b comprises a deep rib 2 c section transitioning to a middle sectionthen to a flattened and/or shallow rib 6 c sections. As FIG. 21illustrates, each of the label panel ribs 20 b can comprise a deep rib 2d section transitioning to a middle section then to a flattened and/orshallow rib 6 d sections. A varying depth grip portion rib 3 btransitions from a deep rib 2 c section to a middle rib/section then toa flattened and/or shallow rib 6 b section. A varying depth label panelrib 20 b transitions from a deep rib 2 d to a middle rib/section then toa flattened and/or shallow rib 6 d. The one or more flattened and/orshallow ribs 6 c,d form an equivalent of recessed columns 7 c atportions where a plurality flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 c,dsubstantially vertically line up along the vertical or central axis 25of the bottle 3 as illustrated in FIG. 21. A plurality of deep ribs 2c,d substantially vertically line up along the vertical or central axis25 of the bottle 3 as illustrated in FIG. 21.

In some embodiments, the flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 d of the labelpanel ribs 20 b are vertically misaligned with the flattened and/orshallow ribs 6 a of the grip portion ribs 3 b such that the labelportion 10 has a set of recessed columns and the grip portion 8 hasanother set of recessed columns. Thus, the recessed column of the labelportion 10 can be vertically misaligned from the recessed columns of thegrip portion 8. In some embodiments, the bottle 3 can have recessedcolumns in just the grip portion 8 or just the label panel portion 10.

In the illustrated embodiment with four lined-up flattened and/orshallow ribs 6 a,b, the bottle respectively has four recessed columns 7c on each flat wall of the square bottle. The four recessed columns 7 cmay be equally spaced apart around the perimeter of the bottle 3 andlocated on the opposite sides of the bottle 3 with respect to eachother. With four equally spaced recessed columns 7 c, the recessedcolumns 7 c are spaced every 90 degrees around the bottle 3 perimeter.The four recessed columns 7 c are positioned on the flat portions of thesidewalls of the bottle 3. Any number of recessed columns 7 c may beincorporated into a design of the bottle 3 by increasing or decreasingthe number of flattened and/or shallow ribs 6 c,d that substantiallyvertically line up along the vertical or central axis 25. For instance,the bottle may have as few as 1 or up to 10 recessed columns 7 c,including 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 recessed columns 7 c, includingranges bordered and including the foregoing values. The collections offlattened and/or shallow ribs 6 c,d that form recessed columns 7 cprovide resistance to leaning, load crushing, and/or stretching asdiscussed herein. The recessed columns 7 c transfer the resultingtangential or compression forces along the wall to the base 24 e andincrease bottle 3 rigidity.

The shape of the square bottle adds hoop strength to the bottle 3 byhaving four corners. The deep ribs 2 c,d of the grip portion ribs 3 band label panel ribs 20 b can complement the hoop strength by providingadditional hoop strength. As shown in FIG. 22, the deep ribs 2 c,d maybe positioned on the corners of the sidewall of the bottle 3. At thecorners, the deep ribs 2 c,d can inhibit flexing of the flat sidewallportions of the bottle 3. The flat sidewall portions may act asmembranes and flex radially outwardly under internal pressurization ofthe bottle 3. The deep ribs 2 c,d positioned at the corners of thebottle 3 function as horizontal strap ribs as discussed herein toinhibit deformation due to internal pressure. The deep ribs 2 c,dpositioned at the corners can also inhibit inward radial flexing of theflat portions of the wall from external stresses and/or forces, such as,for example, from a user gripping the bottle. The deep ribs 2 c,d caninhibit the inward flexing of the flat sidewall portions with or withoutinternal pressurization of the bottle 3. Thus, the deep ribs 2 c,d canhelp prevent rounding of the square bottle 3.

The number of ribs, including base ribs 22, grip portion ribs 3 b,and/or label panel ribs 20 b may vary from 1 to 30 ribs every 10centimeters of any rib containing portion of the bottle, such as, butnot limited to the grip portion 8 and/or label panel portion 10,including 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18,19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, or 29 ribs every 10 centimeters,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values. Theaforementioned 10 centimeter section that is used to measure the numberof ribs need not be actually 10 centimeters in length. Rather, 10centimeters is used illustratively to provide a ratio for the number ofribs.

FIG. 22 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of the bottle 3. Asshown in FIG. 22, the grip portion ribs 3 b may angulate around theperimeter of the bottle 3. The label panel ribs 20 b may be straightaround the perimeter of the bottle 3. The base 24 e has a strap rib 40e. The strap rib 40 e has a sidewall end 42 e that terminates along thesidewall of the bottle 3 as discussed herein or near or at a transitionfrom the base 24 e to the sidewall of the bottle 3. The base has 24 ehas a load rib 44 e. As illustrated in FIG. 22, the base 24 e can haveone load rib 44 a for every one strap ribs 40 a. In some embodiments,the base 24 e can have 2, 3, 4, and 5 load ribs 44 a between two strapribs 40 a. The load rib 44 e has a sidewall end 43 e that terminates inthe base 24 e or near or at a transition from the base 24 e to thesidewall of the bottle 3. As illustrated in FIG. 22, the sidewall end 43e of the load rib 44 e may be vertically lower than the sidewall end 42e of the strap rib 40 e along the central axis 25. In some embodiments,the sidewall end 43 e of the load rib 44 e may terminate along thesidewall of the bottle 3 at a same height as to the sidewall end 42 e ofthe strap rib 40 e. The base 24 e has feet 45 e formed between the strapribs 40 e and the load ribs 44 e.

The strap rib 40 e is relatively larger and deeper than the strap rib 44e as discussed herein. As illustrated in FIG. 22, the strap base rib 40e may vertically align with the recessed columns 7 c. Where a bottle 3has four recessed columns 7 c, the base 24 e can have four strap ribs 40e. The strap ribs 40 e are space equally around the circumference of thebottle 1. With four equally spaced strap ribs 40 e, the strap ribs 40 eare positioned every 90 degrees around the bottle circumference. Theload ribs 44 e can vertically align with the grip portion ribs 3 bbetween the recessed columns 7 c. As shown in FIG. 22, the load ribs 44e may vertically align with the deep ribs 6 c,d. In some embodiments,the strap ribs 40 e may be vertically misaligned with the recessedcolumns 7 c. In some embodiments, the strap ribs 40 e may be spacedunequally around the bottle circumference. In some embodiments, the base24 a may have more or less strap ribs 40 a than the number of recessedcolumns 7 e.

The sidewall end 42 e of the strap rib 40 e vertically aligns or pointsto substantially the center of the recessed columns 7 c (center point ofthe shallow and/or flattened ribs 2 c,d). As illustrated in FIG. 22, thestrap rib 40 e forms a recess 46 e from a side view perspective. Thestrap rib 40 e can extend substantially from a central portion of thebase 24 e (from the central axis 25) as discussed herein. The strap rib40 e can act as a strap between the recessed columns 7 c of the sidewallto the central portion of the base 24 e. As shown in FIG. 22, the straprib 40 e provides a more direct and shorter path to the center of thebase 24 a from the sidewall of the bottle 3 without proceeding to thevertical level of the feet 45 e. As discussed herein, strap rib 40 ethus provides relatively more pressure resistant base 24 e. The straprib 40 e provides a link for forces and stresses between the sidewall,including the recessed column 7 c, and the central portion of the base24 e.

FIG. 23 illustrates a bottom perspective view of an embodiment of thebase 24 e. The base 24 e has a strap rib 40 e and a load rib 44 e asdiscussed herein. The base 24 e has a gate 52. As shown in FIG. 22, thebase 24 e may have a dome 54. The strap rib 40 e has a base end 56 ethat terminates near, at, or in the dome 54. The strap rib 40 e has apetal wall (i.e., valley wall) 48 e that connects that strap rib 40 e toportions of the base 24 e and the feet 45 e of the base 24 a. The petalwall 48 a smoothly and gradually transitions into the base 24 e and thefeet 45 e. The smooth and gradual transition provides internal pressureresistance at and near the petal wall 48 e since more spherical featuresof the bottle 1 can better accommodate internal pressure. The strap rib40 a is relatively deeper in the base 24 e than the load rib 58 e toprovide stress transfer and pressure resistance as discussed herein.

The load rib 44 e has a base end 58 e that terminates at near or at thedome 54. As shown in FIG. 22, the base end 58 e of the load rib 44 e mayterminate before the base end 56 e of the strap rib 40 e. The base end58 e of the load rib 44 e may terminate at wall portion of the base 24 ebefore reaching the dome 54. The load rib 44 e is shallow relative tothe strap rib 40 e. As shown in FIG. 22, the load rib 44 e may have apetal 51 e feature similar as discussed herein with reference to thestrap rib 40 a. The petal 51 e of the load rib 44 e may be relativelysmaller than the petal 48 e of the strap rib 40 e as the strap rib 40 eis designed to mostly resist internal pressure while the load rib 44 eis designed to resist mostly external pressure or forces. The transitionfrom load rib 44 e to the base 24 e and the feet 45 e is more abrupt orsharper in comparison with the strap rib 44 e and in particular, thepetal 48 e. The sharper transition provides external stress resistance.When the bottle 3 is top loaded during packaging, shipping, and/orhandling, sharper transitions of the load ribs 44 e help resist bendingand/or leaning as discussed herein by, for example, maintaining theintegrity and shape of the base 24 e.

The sharper transitions provide for faster transitions into the feet 45e of the base 24 e. Faster transitions lead to more area of the base 24e being available for relatively larger feet 45 e. Larger feet 45 e of aflat foot base 24 e as discussed herein and as illustrated in FIG. 22provide more resin contact area with a resting surface. More resincontacting the resting surface provides better abrasion resistance andstability of the base 24 e.

As shown in FIG. 22, the petal wall 48 e may transition into the straprib 40 e more abruptly or sharply relative to the transition from thepetal 48 e to the feet 45 e. The sharper transitions at the strap rib 40e itself may provide more rigidity to the strap rib 40 e to resist orinhibit flexing due to internal pressures as discussed herein.

FIG. 24 illustrates a bottom view of an embodiment of the base 24 e. Asshown in FIG. 22, the strap ribs 44 e may align to provide a resistancestrap or band 9 e (FIG. 25) substantially along middle portions of theflat sidewall segments of the square bottle 3 as discussed herein. Thefour strap ribs 44 e complement the deep ribs 2 c,d at the sidewallcorners to help prevent the square bottle 3 from rounding along the flatportions of the sidewalls.

FIG. 25 illustrates a cross-section along the central axis 25 of anembodiment of the bottle 3 as illustrated in FIG. 22. As shown in FIG.25, a flat rib or recessed column 7 e is located on an opposite side ofthe bottle perimeter of another recessed column 7 e. In someembodiments, the diameter Ld of the base 24 is larger by 0.5 to 2millimeters, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7,1.8, or 1.9 millimeters, including ranges bordered and including theforegoing values, than any other diameter of the bottle 3. In anembodiment with the largest diameter of the bottle 3 being Ld, thebottle 3 has a single point of contact at just the base 24 e with othersubstantially similar bottles in a production line and/or packaging.Further, a larger base 24 e diameter Ld may improve stability when thereis any damage to the base 24 e. As shown in FIG. 22, the diameter Ls atthe shoulder 18 may be equal to the diameter Ld, which provides for twopoints of contact, at the shoulder 18 and base 24 e, with othersubstantially similar bottles in a production line and/or packaging. Insome embodiments, the diameter(s) in any portion of the bottle 3 varies,where the largest diameters create points of contact in a productionline and/or packaging. The bottles may have either a single point ofcontact or multiple points of contact.

As shown in FIG. 22, the strap ribs 40 e may vertically align with therecessed columns 7 e. The strap ribs 40 e and recessed column 7 e incombination can form a pressure resistance band 9 e that substantiallyextends from a top portion of the label portion 10 or the top portion ofthe recessed column 7 e on one side of the bottle 3 to the base 24 e andthrough the gate 52 along the base 24 e to a top portion of the labelportion 10 or the top portion of the recessed column 7 e on the otherside of the bottle 3. The pressure resistance band 9 e providesresistance against internal pressure substantially for the base 24 e andsidewalls of the bottle 3 such as, for example, inhibit stretching,sidewall flexing, and/or base rollout as discussed herein. Stateddifferently, the pressure resistance band 9 e extends from a top portionof the label portion 10 on one side of the bottle 3, down the sidewallon the one side of the bottle 3 and through the gate 52, up the sidewallon the other side of the bottle 3 to a top portion of the label portion10 on the other side of the bottle 3 to provide pressure resistance asdiscussed here and substantially continuously through a longitudinalperimeter of the bottle 3 (along the central axis 25 at the sidewallsand through the central axis at the base 24 e).

FIG. 26 is a table and graph showing an increase in top load resistancein lbf. with increased pressure in a bottle 1,3. The maximum top loadincreased by 13% for certain bottles, and the minimum top load increasesby 11 for certain bottles, with an average increase of 6%. The y-axis ofthe graph shows top load pressure applied to the bottle in lbf. Thex-axis of the graph shows the displacement performance of the bottleunder the corresponding top load pressure. Curve 60 shows top loadperformance of the bottle under typical pressure or pressurizationinside the bottle. Curve 62 shows top load performance of the bottleunder typical flat pressure or no pressurization inside the bottle. Thegraph illustrates a stiffer initial performance of the bottles (up toabout 50, 40, and 30 lbf. (222, 178, 133 newtons, respectively)) and adelayed reversible failure of some bottle embodiments (at about 50, 40,and 30 lbf. (222, 178, 133 newtons, respectively)) disclosed herein.Performance improvements can be greater with some embodiments. At theforces and/or pressures illustrated in the graph, the bottles showminimal or no permanent deformation. The bottles rebound to a desiredshape after a deforming force is released. This is beneficial for roughhandling during packaging, shipping, and/or handling, such as, forexample, in the warehouse or shipping lane.

Referring to FIG. 27, the bell 16 may have various bell angles 26 asmeasured from the vertical wall of the finish 12 to the downward slopingwall of the bell 16. The bell angle 26 may be obtuse, varying from 120to 175 degrees, including 122, 125, 127, 130, 132, 135, 137, 140, 142,145, 147, 150, 152, 155, 157, 160, 162, 165, 167, 170, or 172 degrees,including ranges bordered and including the foregoing values. The bellangle 26 represented by θ2 is larger than the bell angle 26 representedby θ1. The wall of bell 16 with θ2 bell angle 26 is steeper than thewall of bell 16 with θ1 bell angle 26. A steeper wall of bell 16 canincrease the top load capacity of the bottle 1 while maintaining thesame or even decreasing bell 16 wall thickness. A steeper bell angle 26aids in resin of a preform to touch the preform mold more quickly(relative to a less steep angle) during the blow molding process. Whenthe resin touches the preform mold more quickly, more of resin isquenched earlier to remain in the sidewalls of the bottle, leading tothicker sidewalls. Thicker sidewalk can help increase top load andpressure resistance performance as discussed herein.

Referring to FIG. 28, an embodiment of the bottle 1 may use a preform 38with a thin wall finish 12 and a thin wall neck 14 to form a lightweightbottle. A thin wall neck 14 improves the ability to blow efficient,lightweight bottles. A thin wall neck 14 is a feature that aids inprotecting critical dimensions of the bottle and stabilizing theproduction blowing process. A thin wall neck 14 can also utilize lessresin while achieving the desired mechanical performance resulting in areduction in the use of petroleum products by the industry. A thin wallneck 14 of preform 38 can aid in forming bottles 1 with larger bellangles 26 and/or steeper bell 16 walls as discussed above. As alsodiscussed above, steeper, but relatively thinner, bell 16 walls cansupport greater top load forces, which can be transferred to the base 24via the recessed columns. Thus, embodiments disclosed herein mayincorporate thicker base 24 designs and/or thicker sidewall designs towithstand greater top load forces even when damaged, while using thesame or less amount of resin. Achieving a thicker base 24 and/or thickersidewalls is aided by a thin wall neck 14 and thin bell 16 walls.

It is contemplated that various combinations or subcombinations of thespecific features and aspects of the embodiments disclosed above may bemade and still fall within one or more of the inventions. Further, thedisclosure herein of any particular feature, aspect, method, property,characteristic, quality, attribute, element, or the like in connectionwith an embodiment can be used in all other embodiments set forthherein. Accordingly, it should be understood that various features andaspects of the disclosed embodiments can be combined with or substitutedfor one another in order to form varying modes of the disclosedinventions. Thus, it is intended that the scope of the presentinventions herein disclosed should not be limited by the particulardisclosed embodiments described above. Moreover, while the invention issusceptible to various modifications, and alternative forms, specificexamples thereof have been shown in the drawings and are hereindescribed in detail. It should be understood, however, that theinvention is not to be limited to the particular forms or methodsdisclosed, but to the contrary, the invention is to cover allmodifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spiritand scope of the various embodiments described and the appended claims.Any methods disclosed herein need not be performed in the order recited.The methods disclosed herein include certain actions taken by apractitioner; however, they can also include any third-party instructionof those actions, either expressly or by implication. For example,actions such as “passing a suspension line through the base of thetongue” include “instructing the passing of a suspension line throughthe base of the tongue.” It is to be understood that such depictedarchitectures are merely examples, and that in fact many otherarchitectures can be implemented which achieve the same functionality.In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the samefunctionality is effectively “associated” such that the desiredfunctionality is achieved. Hence, any two components herein combined toachieve a particular functionality can be seen as “associated with” eachother such that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective ofarchitectures or intermedial components. The ranges disclosed hereinalso encompass any and all overlap, sub-ranges, and combinationsthereof. Language such as “up to,” “at least,” “greater than,” “lessthan,” “between,” and the like includes the number recited. Numberspreceded by a term such as “approximately”, “about”, and “substantially”as used herein include the recited numbers, and also represent an amountclose to the stated amount that still performs a desired function orachieves a desired result. For example, the terms “approximately”,“about”, and “substantially” may refer to an amount that is within lessthan 10% of, within less than 5% of, within less than 1% of, within lessthan 0.1% of, and within less than 0.01% of the stated amount.

With respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singularterms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from theplural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as isappropriate to the context and/or application. The varioussingular/plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sakeof clarity.

It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, termsused herein are generally intended as “open” terms (e.g., the term“including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” theterm “having” should be interpreted as “having at least,” the term“includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to,”etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if aspecific number of an introduced embodiment recitation is intended, suchan intent will be explicitly recited in the embodiment, and in theabsence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as anaid to understanding, the following disclosure may contain usage of theintroductory phrases “at least one” and “one or more” to introduceembodiment recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not beconstrued to imply that the introduction of an embodiment recitation bythe indefinite articles “a” or “an” limits any particular embodimentcontaining such introduced embodiment recitation to embodimentscontaining only one such recitation, even when the same embodimentincludes the introductory phrases “one or more” or “at least one” andindefinite articles such as “a” or “an” (e.g., “a” and/or “an” shouldtypically be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more”); thesame holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduceembodiment recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of anintroduced embodiment recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled inthe art will recognize that such recitation should typically beinterpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the barerecitation of “two recitations,” without other modifiers, typicallymeans at least two recitations, or two or more recitations).Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to “atleast one of A, B, and C” or “one of the A, B, or C,” etc. is used, ingeneral such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill inthe art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at leastone of A, B, and C (or one of the A, B, or C)” would include but not belimited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and Btogether, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and Ctogether, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to “atleast one of A, B, or C, etc.” is used, in general such a constructionis intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understandthe convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, or C” wouldinclude but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, Calone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A,B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those withinthe art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting twoor more alternative terms, whether in the description, embodiments, ordrawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities ofincluding one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. Forexample, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include thepossibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B.”

While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, otheraspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art.The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes ofillustration and are not intended to be limiting.

What is claimed is:
 1. A container, comprising: a flat foot basecomprising a gate centered on a central axis of the container, a wallextending from the gate toward a resting surface of the container, andflat feet extending from the wall to the resting surface; a sidewallconnected to the flat foot base and extending substantially along thecentral axis to define at least an interior portion of the container,the sidewall having a plurality of sidewall ribs; a bell connected tothe sidewall and leading upward and radially inward to a finish; aplurality of strap ribs positioned in the flat foot base between theflat feet, the strap ribs extending radially outward from at least oneof the gate and the wall toward the sidewall, and the strap ribs slopingupward relative to the resting surface toward the sidewall from the atleast one of the gate and the wall to resist deformation of the base;and a plurality of recessed columns positioned in the sidewall andcomprising shallow sections between adjacent sidewall ribs extendingalong a periphery of the sidewall and centered about the central axis,portions of the sidewall between the sidewall ribs substantiallycontinuous along the periphery of the sidewall, and the recessed columnsconfigured to resist at least one of bending, leaning, crumbling, andstretching along the sidewall, wherein the strap ribs and the recessedcolumns are vertically aligned with the central axis to form pressureresistance bands, each pressure resistance band comprising a strap ribvertically aligned with the central axis and a recessed column, and thepressure resistance bands configured to communicate forces on thecontainer vertically along the container between the base and thesidewall to continuously resist deformation in the base and thesidewall, wherein the plurality of sidewall ribs comprises a pluralityof varying depth ribs positioned along the periphery of the sidewall,each varying depth rib comprising a plurality of shallow sections and aplurality of deep sections, each shallow section having a rib depth lessthan that of each deep section, the plurality of shallow sectionsvertically aligned along the central axis to form the plurality ofrecessed columns, and the plurality of varying depth ribs comprising ahoop strength approximating that of a plurality of non-varying depthribs, and wherein weight of the container is minimized.
 2. The containerof claim 1, wherein the strap ribs extend radially outward from the wallof the base.
 3. The container of claim 1, wherein the strap ribs extendradially outward from the gate of the base.
 4. The container of claim 1,wherein the base further comprises a plurality of load ribs positionedbetween the strap ribs, the load ribs having a depth toward the interiorof the container shallower than a depth of the strap ribs, the load ribsconfigured to resist deformation of the base when external forces areapplied to the container.
 5. The container of claim 1, wherein theplurality of varying depth ribs comprise a plurality of angulating andvarying depth ribs.
 6. The container of claim 5, wherein the shallowsections have a rib depth of substantially zero from the periphery ofthe sidewall.
 7. The container of claim 1, wherein the sidewall issubstantially round about the periphery of the sidewall, and wherein theplurality of recessed columns comprises three recessed columnspositioned in the sidewall equidistantly around the periphery of theround sidewall.
 8. The container of claim 7, wherein the sidewallcomprises a grip portion and a label portion, and wherein the threerecessed columns are positioned in the grip portion, and the pluralityof recessed columns further comprises six recessed columns positioned inthe label portion equidistantly around the periphery of the roundsidewall, the six recess recessed columns in the label portionconfigured to inhibit triangulation of the container, wherein three ofthe six recess recessed columns in the label portion and the threerecessed columns in the grip portion are vertically line aligned alongthe central axis.
 9. The container of claim 7, wherein the plurality ofstrap ribs comprises three strap ribs positioned in the baseequidistantly from each other, and wherein the three strap ribs and thethree recessed columns vertically line up along the central axis. 10.The container of claim 7, wherein the plurality of strap ribs comprisessix strap ribs positioned in the base equidistantly from each other,three of the six strap ribs and the three recessed columns verticallylined up along the central axis, and wherein the six strap ribs areconfigured to inhibit triangulation of the container.
 11. The containerof claim 1, wherein the sidewall is substantially square about theperiphery of the sidewall, and wherein the plurality of recessed columnscomprises four recessed columns positioned in the sidewall equidistantlyaround the periphery of the square sidewall such that each pressureresistance band further comprises another strap rib radially extending180 degrees opposite the strap rib, the other strap rib vertically linedup along the central axis with another recessed column.
 12. Thecontainer of claim 11, wherein the square sidewall comprises corners andflat portions between the corners, and wherein the strap ribs extendtoward the flat portions of the square sidewall, the strap ribsconfigured to resist rounding of the square sidewall at the flatportions.
 13. The container of claim 12, wherein the sidewall ribscomprise a plurality of varying depth ribs positioned along theperiphery of the sidewall, wherein each varying depth rib comprises theshallow sections and deep sections, the shallow sections having a ribdepth less than a rib depth of the deep sections, wherein the shallowsections of the plurality of varying depth ribs are vertically line upaligned along the central axis to form the recessed columns, and whereinthe deep sections are positioned at the four corners of the squaresidewall, the deep sections configured to resist rounding of the squaresidewall at the flat portions.
 14. A container, comprising: a flat footbase comprising a gate centered on a central axis of the container, adome extending from the gate toward a resting surface of the containerwithout contacting the resting surface and surrounding the gate aboutthe central axis, and flat feet extending from the dome to the restingsurface; a sidewall connected to the base and extending substantiallyalong the central axis to define at least an interior portion of thecontainer, the sidewall having a plurality of sidewall ribs; a bellconnected to the sidewall and leading upward and radially inward to afinish; a plurality of strap ribs positioned in the base between theflat feet and extending radially outward from at least one of the gateand the dome toward the sidewall, the strap ribs sloping upward relativeto the resting surface toward the sidewall from the at least one of thegate and the dome to resist deformation of the base; and a plurality ofrecessed columns positioned in the sidewall, and comprising a pluralityof shallow sections between adjacent sidewall ribs extending along aperiphery of the sidewall and centered about the central axis, whereinportions of the sidewall between the sidewall ribs are substantiallycontinuous along the periphery of the sidewall, the recessed columnsconfigured to resist at least one of bending, leaning, crumbling, andstretching along the sidewall, wherein the strap ribs and the recessedcolumns vertically are aligned with the central axis to form pressureresistance bands, each pressure resistance band comprising a strap ribvertically aligned with the central axis and a recessed column, thepressure resistance bands configured to communicate forces on thecontainer vertically along the container between the base and thesidewall to continuously resist deformation in the base and thesidewall, wherein the plurality of sidewall ribs comprises a pluralityof varying depth ribs positioned along the periphery of the sidewall,each varying depth rib comprising a plurality of shallow sections and aplurality of deep sections, each shallow section having a rib depth lessthan that of each deep section, the plurality of shallow sectionsvertically aligned along the central axis to form the plurality ofrecessed columns, and the plurality of varying depth ribs comprising ahoop strength approximating that of a plurality of non-varying depthribs, and wherein weight of the container is minimized.
 15. Thecontainer of claim 14, wherein the strap ribs extend radially outwardfrom the gate of the base.
 16. The container of claim 14, wherein thestrap ribs extend radially outward from the dome of the base.
 17. Thecontainer of claim 14, wherein the base further comprises a plurality ofload ribs positioned between the strap ribs, the load ribs having adepth toward the interior of the container shallower than a depth of thestrap ribs, the load ribs configured to resist deformation of the basewhen external forces are applied to the container.
 18. The container ofclaim 17, wherein the load ribs extend radially outward from at leastone of the gate or the dome.
 19. The container of claim 14, wherein theplurality of varying depth ribs comprise a plurality of angulating andvarying depth ribs.
 20. The container of claim 19, wherein the shallowsections have a rib depth of substantially zero from the periphery ofthe sidewall.